LOCATION DITNEY                  TN+NC

Established Series
DLN; NTH; MSH, BPS/REV. MDJ
11/2014

DITNEY SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Ditney sandy loam--forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise indicated.)

Oi--0 to 3 cm, (0 to 1 inch); slightly decomposed forest litter of pine needles and hardwood leaves and twigs.

A--3 to 10 cm, (1 to 4 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium and few coarse roots; 5 percent metasandstone gravels by volume; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 18 cm, 2 to 7 inches thick)

BA--10 to 20 cm, (4 to 8 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium and few coarse roots; 5 percent metasandstone gravels by volume of; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 13 cm, 0 to 5 inches thick)

Bw1-- 20 to 48 cm, (8 to 19 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) cobbly sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium and few coarse roots; many fine and medium tubular pores; 20 percent metasandstone fragments by volume which are mainly cobbles; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw2--48 to 64 cm, (19 to 25 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) cobbly sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and medium roots; many fine and medium tubular pores; 30 percent metasandstone fragments by volume which are mainly cobbles; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (36 to 69 cm, 14 to 27 inches thick)

Cr--64 to 71 cm, (25 to 28 inches); fractured, weathered, multicolored metasandstone; excavation difficulty is high with hand tools; few roots in cracks, cracks are more than 10 cm (4 inches) apart. (0 to 13 cm, 0 to 5 inches thick)

R--71 to 84 cm, (28 to 33 inches); hard metasandstone bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION:
County: Sullivan
State: Tennessee
USGS Quadrangle: Shady Valley NC-TN
Latitude: 36.5352778 N (NAD 27)
Longitude: 081.9752778 W (NAD 27)
Directions to the pedon: On U.S. Highway 421, about 1,000 feet southwest of Dogwood Bench Road and about 50 feet north of the road.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum Thickness: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Depth to Bedrock: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches) to unweathered bedrock (lithic).
Depth Class: Moderately Deep
Rock Fragment content: 5 to 30 percent, by volume, throughout.
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid, except where limed.
Content of Mica: None or few throughout.

Range of Individual Horizons:
A horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 4. Where value and chroma is 3 or less, surface horizons are less than 18 cm (7 inches) thick.
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam.

BA, BE, or E horizons (if they occur):
Color--hue 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8.
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam.

Bw horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8.
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam.

BC horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8.
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam; weaker structure than the Bw horizon.

C horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 8, and chroma of 3 through 8; or is multicolored in shades of yellow, brown, or gray.
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand saprolite.
Non-redoximorphic mottles (if they occur)--shades of brown, yellow, or gray mottles of relic rock material are in some pedons.

Cr horizon (if it occurs):
Bedrock kind--weathered metasedimentary rocks such as arkose, metagraywacke, metasandstone, or quartzite.
Bedrock hardness--weakly to strongly cemented
Fracture interval--greater than 10 cm (4 inches)
Excavation difficulty--moderate or high

R horizon:
Bedrock kind--unweathered, hard metasedimentary rocks such as arkose, metagraywacke, metasandstone, or quartzite.
Bedrock hardness--Very strongly cemented to indurated
Fracture interval--greater than 10 cm (4 inches)
Excavation difficulty--Very high or extremely high

COMPETING SERIES:
Bannertown soils - form in lower elevation of the Piedmont Plateau
Cheshire soils - formed in supraglacial till
Devotion soils - formed in intermediate and high-grade metamorphic or igneous rocks and have mica
Fedscreek soils - formed in sandstone and siltstone.
Marrowbone soils - formed in sandstone and siltstone.
Maymead soils -- formed in colluvium, very deep to bedrock contact
Mine Run soils - formed in residuum from metamonzonite and gneiss in the northern Piedmont.
Tipsaw soils - formed in residuum from sandstone interbedded with shale and siltstone.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
MLRA using this series: Southern Blue Ridge--130B
Landscape: Low and intermediate mountains
Landform: Mountain slope and ridges
Geomorphic Component: Mountain top, mountain flank, and side slope
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit, shoulder, and backslope
Parent Material Origin: Metasedimentary rock such as arkose, metagraywacke, metasandstone, or quartzite.
Parent Material Kind: Residuum that is affected by soil creep in the upper solum.
Slope: Typically 15 to 75 percent, but range from 8 to 95 percent.
Elevation: 366 to 1,463 meters; (1,200 to 4,800 feet)
Frost-free period: 130 to 210 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 8 to 14 degrees C (46 to 57 degrees F);
Mean Annual Precipitation: 1168 millimeters (46 inches); near Kingsport, TN

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Brookshire soils are in coves on foot and toe slopes, colluvial benches and fans and have thicker, darker surface layers.
Chestoa soils are on ridgetops and side slopes and have thicker, darker surface layers and occur on ridges and side slopes of cool, north to east facing aspects.
Harmiller soils are on ridgetops and side slopes and are 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches) to a paralithic contact
Jeffrey soils are on ridgetops and side slopes and have thicker, darker surface layers and occur on ridges and side slopes of cool, north to east facing aspects.
Keener soils are in coves on foot and toe slopes, colluvial benches and fans
Lostcove soils are in coves on foot and toe slopes, colluvial benches and fans
Marbleyard soils are loamy-skeletal, are on ridgetops and side slopes and have siliceous mineralogy.
Maymead soils are in coves on foot and toe slopes, colluvial benches and fans
McCamy soils are fine-loamy, are on ridgetops and side slopes and have siliceous mineralogy.
Northcove soils are in coves on foot and toe slopes, colluvial benches and fans
Shinbone soils are on ridgetops and side slopes and are 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches) to a paralithic contact.
Soco soils are on ridgetops and side slopes and are 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches) to a paralithic contact
Spivey soils are in coves on foot and toe slopes, colluvial benches and fans and have thicker, darker surface layers.
Stecoah soils are on ridgetops and side slopes and are 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches) to a paralithic contact.
Unicoi soils are on ridgetops and side slopes and are shallower to bedrock 25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 inches) to a lithic contact.
Whiteoak soils-- in coves on foot and toe slopes, colluvial benches and fans and have thicker, darker surface layers.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage Class: Well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very deep
Index Surface Runoff: Low runoff where forest litter has not been disturbed or only partially removed; low or medium runoff where litter has been removed.
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: High
Permeability Class (obsolete): Moderately rapid
Shrink-swell Class: Low
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Woodland, occasionally pasture and rarely hayland
Dominant Vegetation: Where wooded--chestnut oak, scarlet oak, hickory, red maple, Virginia pine, pitch pine, and few eastern white pine and hemlock. Understory includes mountain laurel, flowering dogwood, sourwood, black locust, and greenbrier. Where cleared--areas are used mainly for wildlife plantings, occasionally pasture and rarely hayland.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Southern Blue Ridge (MLRA 130-B) of Tennessee and North Carolina.
Extent: Large--More than 100,000 acres.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: MORGANTOWN, WEST VIRGINIA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Monroe County, Tennessee; 1974.

REMARKS: The 5/00 revision reflects the movement of the official type location from Monroe County, Tennessee to Sullivan County, Tennessee. Competing series section was also updated. The 2/99 revision updated classification to 8th Edition of Keys to Soil Taxonomy and placed this soil in the semiactive CEC activity class based on NSSL Sample S77TN-171-003 and similar soils. In past mapping in Tennessee, these soils have been included in the Ramsey and Ranger series. 10/13 revision verifies classification --11th Edition of Keys to Soil Taxonomy. Note-mineral surface layers typically 3-5 inches thick.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
a. Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 20 cm, 0 to 8 inches. (Oi, A, and BA horizons)
b. Cambic horizon --the zone from 20 to 64 cm, 8 to 25 inches. (Bw1 and Bw2 horizons.)
c. Paralithic contact--weathered bedrock contact at 64 cm, 25 inches (upper boundary of the Cr horizon)
d. Lithic contact--unweathered, hard bedrock at 71 cm, 28 inches.

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Soil Characterization Data is available from the Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory (KSSL) website: http://ncsslabdatamart.sc.egov.usda.gov/querypage.aspx

Revised: 2/99, 5/00-MKC; 10/13-Semi tab format and minor changes to Range in Characteristics, MLRA 130B.
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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.