LOCATION DIXBORO MI+OH

Established Series
Rev. NWS-WEF-MLK
08/2012

DIXBORO SERIES

The Dixboro series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in stratified glaciofluvial deposits. These soils are on lake plains, outwash plains, and deltas. Slope ranges from 0 to 4 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 813 mm (32 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 9.4 degrees C (49 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquollic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Dixboro fine sandy loam, on a southwest-facing, concave, 2 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 23 cm (9 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; friable; many fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 23 cm (6 to 9 inches) thick]

E--23 to 28 cm (9 to 11 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam; moderate thin and medium platy structure; very friable; few very fine roots; few very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) worm casts; common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. [0 to 20 cm (8 inches) thick]

Bt1--28 to 46 cm (11 to 18 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6 ) and prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), and few medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron; common medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--46 to 58 cm (18 to 23 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6 ) and prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), and few medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron; common medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 18 to 51 cm (7 to 20 inches).]

BC--58 to 71 cm (23 to 28 inches); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loamy fine sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine roots; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), and few medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron; few medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; slightly effervescent in lower part; slightly alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. [8 to 30 cm (3 to 12 inches) thick]

C--71 to 152 cm (28 to 60 inches); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) stratified silt loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, and fine sand; massive; friable and very friable; common gray (10YR 6/1) secondary calcium carbonate segregations in silt loam strata; many coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron; common coarse distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Washtenaw County, Michigan; about 5 miles northeast of the village of Milan; 660 feet south and 85 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 14, T. 4 S., R. 7 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 61 to 112 cm (24 to 44 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages 6 to 17 percent clay
Rock fragment content: 0 to 3 percent throughout
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral in the upper part of the solum and slightly acid to slightly alkaline in the lower part

Ap horizon:
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy very fine sand

A horizon, where present in uncultivated areas:
Thickness: 5 to 10 cm (2 to 4 inch)
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy very fine sand

E horizon:
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy very fine sand

Some pedons have AB horizons.

Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, very fine sandy loam, or loamy very fine sand

BC horizon, or Bk horizon where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: fine sandy loam, silt loam, loamy fine sand, loamy very fine sand, or very fine sandy loam; thin strata of sand, silty clay loam or silty clay are in some pedons
Concentrations: Bk horizon contains masses of carbonates

C horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: stratified silt loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loamy very fine sand, fine sand, or very fine sand, or is dominated by one of these textures; some pedons have thin strata of sand, silty clay loam, or silty clay
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Brady, Budd, Poseyville, Whiskerville, and Winamac series. Brady and Winamac soils are deeper than 102 cm (40 inches) to carbonates. Budd soils typically have a lithologic discontinuity with till in the lower part of the series control section. Poseyville soils have sola less than 61 cm (24 inches) in thickness. Whiskerville soils do not have stratified textures in the lower part of the series control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Dixboro soils are on lake plains, outwash plains, and deltas. Slope ranges from 0 to 4 percent. These soils formed in stratified glaciofluvial deposits. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 711 to 914 mm (28 to 36 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 8.3 to 10.0 degrees C (47 to 50 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The Dixboro soils are on lake plains with well drained Sisson soils, poorly drained Colwood, Lamson, and Pella soils, and somewhat poorly drained Kibbie, Thetford, and Tedrow soils. Thetford and Tedrow soils have more than sand in the upper subsoil. Kibbie soils are fine-loamy.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Depth to the top of a seasonal high water table ranges from 30 to 61 cm (1 to 2 feet) between November and April in normal years. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high. Permeability is moderate. Potential for surface runoff is negligible to low.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the Dixboro soils are cultivated. Corn, soybeans, small grains, and legume-grass hay are the principal crops. In some areas, these soils are used for permanent pasture or forest. Native vegetation is hardwood forest, principally American elm, Northern red oak, hickory, American basswood, and red maple.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 98, 99, and 111B in southern and central Michigan and northwestern Ohio. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Washtenaw County, Michigan, 1974.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon (mollic intergrade): from the surface to a depth of 23 cm (9 inches) (Ap horizon).
Albic horizon: from a depth of 23 to 28 cm (9 to 11 inches) (E horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 28 to 58 cm (11 to 23 inches) (Bt1, Bt2 horizons).
Aquic conditions: iron depletions present in all horizons below a depth of 28 cm (11 inches).

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.