LOCATION DUXBURY VT+NY
Established Series
Rev. GWS-CAW
05/2013
DUXBURY SERIES
The Duxbury series consists of very deep, well drained soils on valley trains, outwash plains, eskers, kames, and terraces. They formed in sandy glaciofluvial deposits with a mantle of loamy glaciofluvial deposits. Estimated saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high in the solum and high or very high in the substratum. Slope ranges from 0 to 70 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 40 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 43 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, isotic, frigid Typic Haplorthods
TYPICAL PEDON: Duxbury fine sandy loam, on a 30 percent southeast facing slope in a wooded area. (Colors are for moist soil.)
Oe -- 0 to 1 inch; moderately decomposed plant material.
E -- 1 to 6 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) gravelly fine sandy loam; weak very fine granular structure; very friable; many roots; 15 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick.)
Bhs -- 6 to 9 inches; very dusky red (2.5YR 2/2) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many roots; 10 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; clear broken boundary.
Bs -- 9 to 17 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) gravelly fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many roots; 15 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bh, Bhs and Bs horizons is 4 to 23 inches.)
BC -- 17 to 26 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) gravelly fine sandy loam; massive; very friable; common roots; 20 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick.)
2C -- 26 to 65 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) and pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly sand; single grain; loose; 48 percent rock fragments; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Lamoille County, Vermont; Town of Hyde Park; 2780 feet north of Ledge Road and 170 feet west of Clear Pond, on the west side of Garfield Road. USGS Morrisville, VT topographic quadrangle; approximate Latitude 44 degrees, 37 minutes, 01 seconds N. and Longitude 72 degrees, 30 minutes, 17 seconds W., NAD 1927.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the mineral solum and depth to the C or 2C horizon range from 16 to 30 inches. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. Rock fragments are mostly gravel and cobbles and typically range from 0 to 20 percent in the upper mineral solum and 0 to 30 percent in the lower solum. The substratum ranges from 15 to 70 percent in the substratum, but the weighted average in the particle size control section is less than 35 percent. Some pedons have subhorizons of the substratum that have less than 15 percent rock fragments. Reaction ranges from extremely acid to slightly acid in the upper part of the mineral solum and from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the lower part of the solum and in the substratum.
The O horizon, where present, is neutral or has hue of 2.5YR through 10YR, value of 2 through 3, and chroma of 0 through 3. It is fibric, hemic or sapric material.
Some pedons have an A horizon with hue of 5YR, 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 to 3, and chroma of 1 to 4. Some pedons have an Ap horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 2 to 4. The A or Ap horizon is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or silt loam in the fine-earth fraction.
The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or very fine sandy loam in the fine-earth fraction.
The Bhs horizon is neutral or has hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, with value and chroma of 3 or less. Some pedons have a Bh horizon that is neutral or has hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 2 to 3, and chroma of 0 to 2. The Bs horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, with value or chroma of 4 or more. The Bhs and Bh horizons are silt loam, loam, very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam in the fine-earth fraction. The Bs horizon is silt loam, loam, very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loamy fine sand in the fine-earth fraction.
The BC horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. Texture range is the same as the Bs horizon.
The 2C horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 6. It is loamy sand, sand, or fine to coarse sand in the fine-earth fraction.
COMPETING SERIES:
Adams,
Cusino,
Fishcreek (T),
Kalkaska,
Liminga,
Pence, and
Stutts series are in this family. All except Adams and Fishcreek (T) occur outside region 12. Adams soils have coarser textures in the solum and generally have fewer rock fragments. The Cusino, Kalkaska, Liminga, Pense, and Stutts soils have dry soil moisture status within 91 centimeters of the soil surface in the month of August. Fishcreek (T) soils are formed in sandy glaciofluvial or glaciolacustrine deposits derived from predominantly sedimentary source material.
The
Allagash,
Colton and
Monadnock series are in related families. Colton soils have a sandy-skeletal particle size class. Allagash and Monadnock soils have a coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy skeletal particle size class.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Duxbury soils are on terraces, eskers, kames, and outwash plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 70 percent. The soils formed in sandy glaciofluvial deposits with a loamy mantle. The deposits are derived primarily from gneiss, schist and granite. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 34 to 50 inches, and the mean annual temperature ranges from 38 to 45 degrees F. The frost free season ranges from 90 to 135 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing
Adams series and the
Allagash,
Colton, and
Croghan soils. Adams, Allagash and Colton soils are on the same landforms as Duxbury soils. Adams soils have coarser textures in the solum and generally have fewer rock fragments. Allagash soils have less than 35 percent gravel in the substratum. Colton soils have more than 35 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section. Croghan soils are on nearby, slightly lower landforms. They have redoximorphic features within 30 inches of the mineral soil surface.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Estimated saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high in the solum and high or very high in the substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for hay, pasture, and silage corn. Some areas are used as a source of gravel. Common trees in wooded areas are eastern white pine, red pine, red spruce, eastern hemlock, white spruce, balsam fir, sugar maple, and red maple.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 143, 144A, and 144B in Vermont and New York. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lamoille County, Vermont, 1979.
REMARKS: 1. The classification is changed from the previous classification was Coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, frigid Typic Haplorthods. Some soils mapped Duxbury in the past met the old classification and need to be reevaluated.
2.Duxbury is frigid and its use in MLRA 144A is relict. It will be replaced as mapping is updated.
3. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
a. Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 6 inches (Oe and E horizons).
b. Albic horizon - the zone from 0 to 5 inches (E horizon).
c. Spodic horizon - the zone from 5 to 16 inches (Bh and Bhs horizons).
3. Sandy particle-size class - the weighted average texture of the fine earth fraction of the particle-size control section (10 to 40 inches) is loamy coarse sand.
ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL laboratory data is available for the following pedons: S77VT-15-5 and S77VT-15-7.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.