LOCATION DARROCH IN+IL OH WI

Established Series
Rev. WDH-CLL-TJE
11/2021

DARROCH SERIES

The Darroch series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in silty and loamy sediments. Darroch soils are on lake plains, outwash plains, and till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 940 mm (37 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 10.6 degrees C (51 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Argiudolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Darroch silt loam, on a convex, 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 247 meters (810 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 28 cm (11 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many very fine roots; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary.

A--28 to 38 cm (11 to 15 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine roots; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the A horizon is 25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 inches).]

Btg1--38 to 53 cm (15 to 21 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable; common very fine roots; many distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; common distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay films lining root channels; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few medium faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches) thick]

2Btg2--53 to 74 cm (21 to 29 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; common dark gray (10YR 4/1) fillings in root channels; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [15 to 76 cm (6 to 30 inches) thick]

2C1--74 to 117 cm (29 to 46 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam with thin strata of fine sand; massive; friable; few dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fillings in root channels; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; many medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions in the matrix; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. [0 to 51 cm (0 to 20 inches) thick]

2C2--117 to 152 cm (46 to 60 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam containing thin strata of fine sand and silty clay loam; massive; friable; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and few medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few black (N 2.5/) very weakly cemented iron-manganese nodules throughout; common medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions in the matrix; strong effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Benton County, Indiana; about 1 mile north of Fowler; 2600 feet east and 60 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 10, T. 25 N., R. 8 W.; USGS Wadena, Indiana topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 37 minutes 57.3 seconds N. and long. 87 degrees 18 minutes 51.6 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 473415 easting and 4498100 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 61 to 114 cm (24 to 45 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 61 to 114 cm (24 to 45 inches)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages 18 to 35 percent clay

A, Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam or loam and less commonly fine sandy loam
Clay content: 12 to 26 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 3 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

Btg, Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: silty clay loam, silt loam, clay loam, or loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Sand content: 10 to 45 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 7 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

2Btg, 2Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Sand content: 25 to 70 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 7 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

2C, 2Cg horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: stratified, dominantly loam or silt loam; thin strata of sandy material are in all pedons; strata ranging from sandy loam to silty clay loam are in some pedons
Clay content: 5 and 20 percent
Sand content: averages 10 and 52 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 40 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Andres, Aztalan, Francesville, Gilboa, Houstenader, La Hogue, Lahoguess, Le Sueur, Marcellon, Newhaven, Odell, and Protivin series. Andres, Aztalan, and Protivin soils have more than 20 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section. Francesville and Odell soils have a densic contact within the series control section. Gilboa and Le Sueur soils do not have strata of sandy material in the lower part of the series control section. Houstenader soils have more than 14 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section. La Hogue soils do not have carbonates within a depth of 114 cm (45 inches). Lahoguess, Marcellon, and Newhaven soils average more than 52 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Darroch soils are on lake plains, outwash plains, and till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. The soils formed in silty and loamy sediments. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 864 to 1016 mm (34 to 40 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 9.4 to 11.7 degrees C (49 to 53 degrees F). Frost-free period is 135 to 170 days. Elevation is 183 to 305 meters (600 to 1,000 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Foresman, Jasper, Milford, Pella, and Selma soils. The moderately well drained Foresman soils are on similar landforms. The well drained Jasper soils are on knolls of lake plains and outwash plains and on shoulders and backslopes on dissected lake plains and outwash plains. The very poorly drained Milford soils and the poorly drained Pella and Selma soils are in depressions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Depth to the top of an intermittent apparent high water table ranges from 30 to 61 cm (1 to 2 feet) during the winter and spring in normal years. Potential for surface runoff is negligible to low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high. Permeability is moderate.

USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly cropped to corn and soybeans. Small grain, mainly wheat, and legume hay are also grown. Native vegetation is prairie grasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 95B, 97, 99, 110, 111C, and 111D in northwestern Indiana, northeastern Illinois, northwestern Ohio, and southeastern Wisconsin. The type location is in MLRA 111D. The series is of moderate extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Newton County, Indiana, 1948.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 38 cm (Ap, A horizons).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 38 to 74 cm (Btg, 2Btg horizons).
Aquic conditions: redox features in all horizons below a depth of 38 cm.

Bedrock, till substratum, moderate permeability, moderate permeable till substratum, and sandy substratum phases are recognized. These phases will probably become new series as survey subsets are updated. The moderate permeability phase is the modal concept of the series.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.