LOCATION DENNIS OK+KS

Established Series
Rev. JFH-CRC-RGC
12/2015

DENNIS SERIES

The Dennis series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in residuum weathered from shale of Pennsylvanian age. These soils are on interfluves and hillslopes. Slope ranges from 0 to 8 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 991 mm (39 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 16 degrees C (61 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, thermic Aquic Argiudolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Dennis silt loam, in rangeland (formerly in a cultivated field) on a summit of an interfluve, at an elevation of 192 meters (630 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 28 cm (0 to 11 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium and fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; common worm casts; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. [25 to 38 cm (10 to 15 inches) thick]

AB--28 to 33 cm (11 to 13 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable; common very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) worm casts; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 inches) thick]

BA--33 to 43 cm (13 to 17 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable in upper part, firm in lower part; few very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) worm casts; common medium and fine faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; few fine dark manganese concretions in the matrix; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 inches) thick]

Bt1--43 to 56 cm (17 to 22 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; moderate medium blocky structure; very hard, firm; thin nearly continuous clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few fine dark manganese concretions in the matrix; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [8 to 20 cm (3 to 8 inches) thick]

Bt2--56 to 76 cm (22 to 30 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; moderate medium blocky structure; very hard, very firm; thin nearly continuous clay films on faces of peds; many medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions in the matrix; common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few fine dark manganese concretions in the matrix; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [13 to 30 cm (5 to 12 inches) thick]

Bt3--76 to 91 cm (30 to 36 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak coarse blocky structure; very hard, very firm; patchy clay films on faces of peds; many medium and coarse prominent gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions in the matrix; few fine dark manganese concretions in the matrix; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches) thick]

Bt4--91 to 127 cm (36 to 50 inches); intermingled yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and gray (10YR 6/1) clay, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and light gray (10YR 7/1) dry; weak coarse blocky structure; very hard, very firm; patchy clay films on faces of peds; few fine dark manganese concretions in the matrix; many black (10YR 2/1) films and masses on vertical faces of peds; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. [25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 inches) thick]

Bt5--127 to 173 cm (50 to 68 inches); intermingled yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry, and gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay loam; weak coarse blocky structure; very hard, firm; patchy clay films on faces of peds; few fine dark manganese concretions in the matrix; few black (10YR 2/1) films and masses on vertical faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [0 to 51 cm (0 to 20 inches) thick]

C--173 to 198 cm (68 to 78 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) silty clay loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) dry; common prominent horizontal streaks of gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; weak horizontal lamination and thin seams of siltstone; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Rogers County, Oklahoma; about 1/2 mile north of Claremore; 650 feet north and 490 feet east of the center of sec. 4, T. 21 N., R. 16 E.; USGS Claremore, Oklahoma topographic quadrangle; lat. 36 degrees 19 minutes 25 seconds N. and long. 95 degrees 36 minutes 16 seconds W.; UTM Zone 15, 266211 easting and 4023009 northing; NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: greater than 152 cm (60 inches)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 25 to 38 cm (10 to 15 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages 37 to 60 percent clay and 5 to 25 percent sand

A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 5 to 35 percent
Sand content: 10 to 45 percent
Reaction: strongly acid or moderately acid

AB horizon, where present:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4
Chroma: 3
Texture: loam or silt loam
Clay content: 5 to 27 percent
Sand content: 10 to 45 percent
Reaction: strongly acid or moderately acid

BA horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silty clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 28 to 40 percent
Sand content: 10 to 45 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

Bt horizon, upper part:
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 28 to 50 percent
Sand content: 5 to 25 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

Bt horizon, lower part:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 6 to 8
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 28 to 50 percent
Sand content: 10 to 40 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

BC and C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 28 to 50 percent
Sand content: 5 to 40 percent
Special feature: some pedons contain weak laminations or bedding planes
Reaction: moderately acid to moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Eram and Garton series. Eram soils have sola terminated by bedrock within a depth of 152 cm (60 inches). Garton soils have hue redder than 10YR in the lower part of the series control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Dennis soils are on interfluves and hillslopes on plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 8 percent but is commonly between 1 and 5 percent. The soils formed in residuum weathered from shale of Pennsylvanian age. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 940 to 1168 mm (37 to 46 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 14 to 17 degrees C (57 to 63 degrees F). Thornthwaite Annual P-E Index is greater than 64.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bates, Collinsville, Okemah, and Parsons soils. Bates soils have a fine-loamy control section, have a thinner solum, and are on slightly higher side slopes. Collinsville soils lack an argillic horizon, have sandstone within 51 cm (20 inches) of the soil surface, and are on slightly higher ridge crests and side slopes. Okemah soils have a thicker mollic epipedon and are on adjacent, slightly concave areas. Parsons soils have an ochric epipedon, an abrupt change of texture, and are on adjacent, slightly concave areas.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table ranges from 30 to 76 cm (12 to 30 inches) between December and April in normal years. Potential for surface runoff is low to high depending on slope gradient. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low.

USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for growing crops. Principal crops are small grains, sorghums, soybeans, and some cotton. Some tame pasture are grown. Lesser amounts are used for native range. Native vegetation is tall grass prairie.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mostly in MLRA 112 with a lesser extent in MLRA 76 and LRUs 84A, 116A, and 118B, in southeastern Kansas, southwestern Missouri, and eastern Oklahoma. The type location is in MLRA 112. The series is extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wagoner County, Oklahoma; 1941.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 28 cm (11 inches) (A horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 43 to 173 cm (17 to 68 inches) (Bt horizon).
Aquic conditions: redox features in all horizons below a depth of 33 cm (13 inches).

12/2015 revision: updated redox features terminology; added geographic coordinates; added sand and clay content ranges; changed E and BE horizons to AB and BA horizons, respectively, under RIC; changed Ksat from very low to moderately low based on review of NASIS data; added MLRA 76 and LRUs 84A, 116A, and 118B to extent.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Survey Investigation Report Number 11; May 1967. Soil Interpretation Record: Series OK0004.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.