LOCATION EASTVAL                 NV

Established Series
Rev. EWB/TM/JBF
03/2017

EASTVAL SERIES

The Eastval series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. The Eastval soils are on fan remnants. Slopes are 2 to 8 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 230 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 10 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Haploxeralfic Argidurids

TYPICAL PEDON: Eastval gravelly sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is covered with about 15 percent gravel.

A1--0 to 3 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) gravelly sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak thin platy structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 15 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.7); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 8 cm thick)

A2--3 to 8 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; strong thick platy structure parting to strong medium platy; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine vesicular pores; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 15 cm thick)

Bt1--8 to 23 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; strong coarse subangular blocky structure; very hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; few distinct clay films on ped faces; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 30 cm thick)

Bt2--23 to 46 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4), moist; strong medium prismatic structure parting to strong coarse angular blocky; very hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine and fine and common medium roots; common very fine tubular pores; many prominent pressure faces; neutral (pH 6.8), clear smooth boundary. (20 to 30 cm thick)

Bt3--46 to 56 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine, fine and medium roots; common very fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films lining pores; 10 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 23 cm thick)

Bqm--56 to 79 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) continuous silica cemented duripan, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; strong medium platy structure; 1 mm to 2 mm thick discontinuous laminae; moderately cemented; pockets of roots concentrated on upper surfaces of some plates; neutral (pH 7.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 50 cm thick)

Bqk--79 to 89 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; very few fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; few medium soft carbonate masses; 40 percent weakly cemented masses; 10 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 25 cm thick)

Bk1--89 to 112 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) very gravelly loamy sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; very few fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; common medium carbonate coatings on the undersides of rock fragments; 55 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 40 cm thick)

Bk2--112 to 152 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) gravelly loamy sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; very few fine roots; common very fine and fine interstitial pores; common thin carbonate coatings on the undersides of rock fragments; 25 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2)

TYPE LOCATION: Douglas County, Nevada; about 1,300 feet south and 1,600 feet east of the northwest corner of section 23, T. 13 N. , R. 20 E.; USGS Gardnerville 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 58 minutes 46 seconds N and longitude 119 degrees 42 minutes 35 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.9793333 latitude, -119.7096000
longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Moist in winter and spring, dry from July through October; aridic soil moisture regime bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 12 degrees C.
Depth to duripan: 50 to 100 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 27 to 35 percent, with some subhorizon having 35 to 50 percent.
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent, mainly gravel.

A horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3.

Bt1 horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Texture: Sandy clay loam, clay loam or loam.
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent, mainly gravel.

Bt2 horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Texture: Clay, sandy clay or heavy clay loam.
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent.
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent, mainly gravel.

Bt3 horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 5 or 6 dry.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Texture: Sandy clay loam, clay loam or loam.
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: 10 to 25 percent, dominantly gravel.

Bqm horizon
Value: 7 or 8 dry, 5 or 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry or moist.
Cementation class (rupture resistance): Moderately cemented or strongly cemented.
Cementation: Continuously cemented, with discontinuous indurated 1 mm to 2 mm thick laminae capping plates.

Bqk and Bk horizons
Texture: Stratified very gravelly loamy coarse sand through sandy loam.
Rock fragments: Averages 25 to 50 percent, mainly gravel; subhorizons range from 10 to 60 percent.
Clay content: Averages 5 to 10 percent.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent or non-effervescent.
Carbonates: Few to common, fine to medium carbonate filaments or soft masses, or coatings on the undersides of rock fragments.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
Other features: Subhorizons with 20 to 60 percent discontinuous weak silica and carbonate cementation as masses and lenses are in most pedons.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Aquinas, Boulflat, Cherry Spring, Spasprey, Yody, Zaidy and Zoda series.

Aquinas, Boulflat, Cherry Spring, Spasprey, Yody, Zaidy and Zoda soils lack a subhorizon within the argillic horizon that has more than 35 percent clay. In addition Boulflat, Cherry Springs, Spasprey, Yody, Zaidy and Zoda soils have carbonate accumulations above the duripan. Boulflat and Deerlodge soils have more than 15 percent rock fragments in their control section. Cherry Springs soils have less than 35 percent sand in their argillic horizons. Yody soils have less than 27 percent clay in the particle-size control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Eastval soils are on fan remnants. These soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Slopes are 2 to 8 percent. Elevations are 1,465 to 1,525 meters. The climate is semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 200 to 250 mm, the mean annual temperature is 8 to 11 degrees C, and frost-free period is 90 to 110 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Reno and Saralegui series. Reno soils have an abrupt A-B boundary and have an indurated duripan. Saralegui soils lack a duripan and do not have a Bt subhorizon with greater than 35 percent clay.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; index surface runoff is high or very high; very low saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Eastval soils are used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly Wyoming big sagebrush, rabbitbrush, bottlebrush squirreltail and Thurber needlegrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Nevada. These soils are not extensive. MLRA 26.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Douglas County, Nevada, 1999. The name is from a nearby road.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 8 cm. (A1 and A2 horizons)
Argillic horizon - The zone from 8 to 56 cm. (Bt1, Bt2, and Bt3 horizons)
Duripan - The zone from 56 to 79 cm. (Bqm horizon)
Particle-size control section - The zone from 8 to 56 cm. (Bt1, Bt2, and Bt3 horizons)

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.