LOCATION EPIPHANY                OR

Tentative Series
KBC/BTH/CEG
02/2024

EPIPHANY SERIES

Landscape--intermontane basins
Landform--flood plains
Slope--0 to 1 percent
Parent material--sandy alluvium derived from coarse pumiceous volcanic ash and pumiceous tephra over diatomaceous lacustrine sediments
Mean annual precipitation--about 480 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 9 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--poorly drained
Soil moisture regime--aquic
Soil temperature regime--mesic
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy, glassy, calcareous, mesic Aquandic Endoaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Epiphany ashy sandy loam on marshland with a slope of 1 percent and an elevation of 1263 m

A1--0 to 25 cm; ashy sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak fine and medium granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine and fine dendritic tubular pores; 3 percent by volume fine rounded pumice paragravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary

A2--25 to 52 cm; ashy sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium subangular structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine and fine dendritic tubular pores; 2 percent medium irregular masses of iron-manganese in matrix with diffuse boundaries, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; 3 percent by volume fine rounded pumice paragravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual smooth boundary

AC--52 to 75 cm; ashy loamy sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; massive; moderately hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine dendritic tubular pores; 5 percent medium irregular masses of iron-manganese in matrix with diffuse boundaries, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; 3 percent by volume fine rounded pumice paragravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual smooth boundary

Cg1--75 to 110 cm; ashy loamy sand, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine dendritic tubular pores; 20 percent medium irregular masses of iron-manganese in matrix with diffuse boundaries, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; 10 percent medium irregular iron depletions in matrix with diffuse boundaries, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; 6 percent by volume fine and medium rounded pumice paragravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual smooth boundary

Cg2--110 to 130 cm; ashy loamy sand, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; soft, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine dendritic tubular pores; 15 percent medium irregular iron depletions in matrix with diffuse boundaries, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; 6 percent by volume fine and medium rounded pumice paragravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual smooth boundary

Cg3--130 to 145 cm; ashy loamy sand, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; soft, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine dendritic tubular pores; 15 percent medium irregular iron depletions in matrix with diffuse boundaries, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; 6 percent by volume fine and medium rounded pumice paragravel; noneffervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt smooth boundary

2Cg4--145 to 200 cm; diatomaceous silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine dendritic tubular pores; 12 percent medium irregular iron depletions in matrix with diffuse boundaries, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0)

TYPE LOCATION: Klamath County, Oregon; about 765 m east and 785 m north of the southwest corner of sec. 25, T. 35 S., R. 7.5 E., Willamette Meridian; Agency Lake, Oregon USGS quadrangle; latitude 42.5075930 degrees north, longitude 121.9465900 degrees west, datum WGS84 (coordinates derived from GPS unit)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Mean annual soil temperature--8 to 11 degrees C
Moisture control section--30 to 90 cm; wet throughout in most years in spring and early summer
Thickness of mollic epipedon--20 to 150 cm
Depth to redoximorphic depletions--20 to 80 cm
Depth to redoximorphic concentrations--20 to 45 cm

Exchangeable Sodium--less than 15 percent in the A horizon(s) and less than 5 percent below that

Particle-size control section
*Clay content--5 to 20 percent
*Pararock fragment content--0 to 10 percent pumice paragravel
*Rock fragment content--0 to 5 percent volcanic rock gravel

Estimated properties, horizons above 2Cg
*Volcanic glass content--5 to 60 percent
*Ammonium oxalate extractable Al plus 1/2Fe--0.05 to 0.2 percent
*Medium to very coarse sand in the 0.02 to 2.0 mm fraction--greater than 50 percent
*1/3-bar bulk density--0.75 to 1.1 g/cm3
*P retention--3 to 20 percent
*1500 kPa water (air-dried samples)--3 to 12 percent

A horizon(s)
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y dry or moist
Value--3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--2 or 3 dry, 1 to 3 moist
Fine-earth texture--ashy loam, ashy sandy loam, ashy loamy sand, ashy fine sand
Clay content--1 to 20 percent
Pumice paragravel content--0 to 10 percent
Reaction--slightly to moderately alkaline (pH 7.9 to 9.0)
Thickness--20 to 80 cm

AC horizon (where present)
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y dry or moist
Value--3 to 5 dry, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma--2 to 3 dry or moist
Fine-earth texture--ashy loam, ashy sandy loam, ashy loamy sand, ashy fine sand
Clay content--1 to 20 percent
Pumice paragravel content--0 to 10 percent
Volcanic gravel content--0 to 5 percent
Total rock and pararock content--0 to 12 percent
Reaction--slightly to moderately alkaline (pH 7.9 to 9.0)
Thickness--0 to 30 cm

Cg horizon(s)
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y dry or moist
Value--4 to 7 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma--1 to 3 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Fine-earth texture--ashy fine sandy loam, ashy loamy sand, ashy loamy coarse sand, ashy coarse sand
Clay content--1 to 20 percent
Pumice paragravel content--0 to 20 percent
Volcanic gravel content--0 to 5 percent
Total rock and pararock content--0 to 20 percent
Reaction--slightly to moderately alkaline (pH 7.9 to 9.0)
Thickness--20 to 60 cm

2Cg horizon (where present)
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y dry or moist
Value--4 to 7 dry, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma--1 or 2 dry or moist
Fine-earth texture--diatomaceous silt loam, diatomaceous silt
Clay content--10 to 25 percent
Reaction--slightly to moderately alkaline (pH 7.9 to 9.0)

COMPETING SERIES:
Emdent--textures of ashy very fine sandy loam or finer throughout; silty alluvium mixed with loess; less than 50 percent medium to very coarse sand in the 0.02 to 2 mm fraction; greater than 15 percent exchangeable sodium in the upper 50 cm

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--1260 to 1280 m
Climate--warm, dry summers; cool, wet winters
Mean annual air temperature--7 to 11 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--430 to 530 mm
Frost-free period--50 to 90 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Algoma--drained lake bottoms and flood plains; strongly contrasting textures in C horizons
Shoalwater--tentative series; flood plains; 50 to 100 cm to seasonally high water table (somewhat poorly drained); xeric soil moisture regime
Deltashore--tentative series; flood plains; non-calcareous; free of exchangeable sodium
Henley--low terraces; moderately deep to a duripan; natric horizons; free carbonates present; ochric epipedon
Teeters--flood plains and drained lake bottoms; calcareous; diatomaceous parent materials; salt accumulations
Tulana--lake bottoms; parent materials are lacustrine sediments high in diatoms and amorphous material; fine-silty particle-size class

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--poorly drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high to very high in the A, AC, and Cg horizons; moderately low in the 2Cg horizon
Saturation in normal years-endosaturation; water table is highest between March and July, at 0 to 50 cm below the surface for some time during those months
Flooding--frequent, long; March to May

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--wildlife habitat, irrigated pasture, irrigated cropland
Vegetation--baltic rush, Sandberg bluegrass, basin wildrye, basin big sagebrush, green rabbitbrush, antelope bitterbrush

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Klamath and Shasta Valleys and Basins, Oregon; MLRA 21; small extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES PROPOSED: Klamath County, Oregon; 2019
Origin of the name--The name is coined.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon
*Particle-size control section--the zone from 25 to 100 cm
*Mollic epipedon--A1, A2, AC horizons
*Aquic conditions--all horizons
*Endosaturation--all horizons
*Volcanic glass--A1, A2, AC, Cg1, Cg2, Cg3 horizons
*Redoximorphic depletions--Cg1, Cg2, Cg3, 2Cg4 horizons
*Redoximorphic concentrations--A2, AC, Cg1 horizons
*Depth to lithologic discontinuity--145 cm

ADDITIONAL DATA:
NASIS SITE ID--2019OR035053
NASIS PEDON ID--2019OR035053

Vitrandic subgroup criteria based on andic soil property laboratory data from the Godowa soil (NASIS pedon ID S2018OR035003; KSSL pedon ID 19N0330)

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.