LOCATION EVENDALE PAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Aquultic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Evendale gravelly silt loam - cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) gravelly silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable, nonsticky, slightly plastic; many roots; 15 percent chert fragments; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
Bt1--8 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; many medium distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, plastic; many roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 10 percent chert fragments; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 15 inches thick)
Bt2--15 to 23 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) gravelly silty clay loam; light gray (10YR 7/1) coatings on peds; common fine distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky, plastic; common roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 15 percent chert fragments; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 20 inches thick)
Bt3--23 to 35 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) gravelly silty clay; light gray (10YR 7/1) coatings on peds; common fine distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky,
plastic; few roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 15 percent chert fragments; few black coatings on peds; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
Bt4--35 to 41 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) gravelly silty clay loam; light gray (N 7/0) coating on faces of prisms; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; firm, slightly sticky, plastic; few roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 25 percent chert fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
Bt5--41 to 51 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very gravelly clay; gray (5Y 5/1) coatings on faces of prisms; fine prominent light gray (N 7/0) mottles; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; firm, sticky, plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 45 percent chert and shale fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
2BC--51 to 64 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) very shaly clay loam; gray (5YR 5/1) coatings on faces of prisms; weak very coarse prismatic structure; firm, slightly sticky, plastic; few clay films in pores; 40 percent shale fragments; very strongly acid.(0 to 20 inches thick)
2R--64 inches; thin bedded black (5Y 2/1) and gray (5Y 5/1) shale bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Snyder County, Pennsylvania; Spring Township, 2 miles west of Beaver Springs, 1000 feet north of intersection of Route 55024 and T560, 200 feet east into field.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 40 to 80 inches. Depth to bedrock is more than 3 1/2 feet. Rock fragments are primarily chert except some, particularly in the lower horizons, are angular sandstone and shale. Fragments in individual horizons of the soil range from 10 to 40 percent in the upper part of the solum and from 20 to 70 percent in the lower part and C horizon. Reaction ranges from neutral to very strongly acid in the upper part of the solum and is strongly acid or very strongly acid below a depth of about 40 inches.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. The fine-earth fraction is silt loam or silty clay loam. Some pedons have a thin E horizon.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR through 5YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 2 through 6. Coatings on peds are dominantly gray (N 5/0) and (10YR 5/1) to light gray (5Y 7/2). Few to many grayish and brownish mottles are common throughout the B horizon. The fine-earth fraction is clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay or clay. Structure is weak or moderate, fine to coarse subangular blocky or blocky, commonly arranged in coarse or very coarse prisms.
The C horizon, where present, has hue of 10YR through 5YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 3 through 6. The fine-earth fraction ranges from loam to clay. It is massive or has platy structure.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Cana, Coolville, LANSDOWNE, and Rarden series and the similar Cavode, Tygart, Brinkerton, Caneadea, Kreamer, Library, Loysville, and Vandergrift series in related families. Cana and Coolville soils have a paralithic contact at 40 to 60 inches. Landsdown soils have a medium acid C horizon above the lithic contact. Rarden soils are 20 to 40 inches deep to a paralithic contact. Cavode soils do not have chert fragments. Tygart soils have very few or no rock fragments. Brinkerton, Caneadea, Library and Vandergrift soils are Alfisols. In addition, Brinkerton soils have a fragipan and less than 35 percent clay and Vandergrift soils have hues redder than 7.5YR. Kreamer soils do not have dominant chroma of 2 or less on faces of peds in the Bt horizon. Loysville soils have a fragipan.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Evendale soils are in concave nearly level to sloping footslopes with gradients ranging from 0 to 15 percent.The soils formed in fine and moderately fine textured colluvium or glacially influenced material derived from limestone containing chert. The soils generally overlie shale or residuum from shale
and shaly limestone. The climate is humid and temperate. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 47 to 57 degrees F., mean annual precipitation ranges from 36 to 48 inches, and the frost-free season ranges from 150 to 210 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Other soils in the same landscape are the competing Kreamer soils and the Elliber and Mertz soils. Elliber and Mertz soils are in loamy-skeletal families and do not have mottles of low chroma in the upper part of the solum.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is slow and permeability is slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of the soil are used for row crops, hay and pasture. Wooded areas are in mixed hardwoods.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Ridge and Valley sections of Pennsylvania. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, 1942.
REMARKS: The concept of Evendale in this description defines the series as somewhat poorly drained and is intended to replace Kreamer, somewhat poorly drained Variant. Soils formerly identified as Evendale will henceforth be considered a poorly drained Variant of Evendale. Clay mineralogy data are available on six pedons sampled as Evendale in Juniata, Perry and Snyder Counties, Pennsylvania. All had illitic mineralogy and were correlated as variants or taxadjuncts. There is insufficient data to warrant changing the classification of the Evendale series to an illitic mineralogy class.
The 10/2005 revision updates this soil to the 9th Edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy (2003). The CEC activity class placement is based on similar soils and not on laboratory data. Class placement may be revised in the future when laboratory data are reviewed or become available.
Competing series, pedon description (including horizon nomenclature and/or descriptive terms), and other sections on the OSD were not revised.Previous revision dates: 1/87 ART;