LOCATION FILBERT NEEstablished Series
The Filbert series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained, very slowly permeable soils formed in loess. They are in open depressions (see remarks) on stream terraces. Slopes are 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 28 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 51 degrees F, at the type location.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic Argialbolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Filbert silt loam on a less than 1 percent concave slope in cropland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap1--0 to 5 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silt loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable, slightly hard; common coarse, medium and fine roots throughout; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Ap2--5 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silt loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak thick platy and weak thin platy structure parting to weak fine granular; friable, slightly hard; common fine and medium roots throughout; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of A horizons is 6 to 14 inches).
E1--7 to 12 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, 50 percent gray (10YR 5/1) and 50 percent gray (10YR 6/1) dry; moderate thin platy structure parting to weak thin platy; friable, soft; common fine and medium roots throughout; common fine tubular pores; few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) friable masses of iron accumulations with sharp boundaries on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
E2--12 to 15 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam, 20 percent gray (10YR 6/1) and 80 percent light gray (10YR 7/1) dry; weak thin platy structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; friable, slightly hard; common fine and medium roots throughout; many fine tubular pores; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of E horizons is 3 to 12 inches).
Bt1--15 to 25 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; strong coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; very firm, very hard; common fine roots between peds; many distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds; many fine rounded soft masses of iron-manganese and common fine rounded iron-manganese concretions; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--25 to 36 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; strong coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; very firm, very hard; few fine roots between peds; many distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds; many fine rounded soft masses of iron-manganese and common fine rounded iron-manganese concretions; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt3--36 to 43 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; strong coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; very firm, very hard; few very fine roots between peds; many distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds; many fine rounded soft masses of iron-manganese and fine rounded iron-manganese concretions; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt4--43 to 53 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; strong coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; very firm, very hard; few very fine roots between peds; many distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds; common fine rounded soft masses of iron-manganese; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt5--53 to 62 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; strong coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; very firm, very hard; many distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds; common fine rounded soft masses of iron-manganese; few medium distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions on surfaces of peds; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt6--62 to 80 inches; 15 percent very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2), and 85 percent olive gray (5Y 5/2), and dark gray (5Y 4/1) silty clay loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium subangular blocky; very firm, very hard; many distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds and few distinct continuous black stains in root channels and/or pores; fine irregular soft masses of iron-manganese; few fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) friable masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries on faces of peds; slightly alkaline. (Combined thickness of Bt horizons is 40 to 80 inches).
TYPE LOCATION: Saunders County, Nebraska; 2 miles east and 4 miles north of Wahoo; 1875 feet west and 350 feet north of the southeast corner of Section 13, T. 15 N., R. 7 E.; USGS Colon SW quadrangle, lat. 41 degrees 14 minutes 52 seconds N. and long. 96 degrees 34 minutes 12 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: The soil moisture control section is dry in all parts of the soil moisture control section for 80 out of the 120 days following the summer solstice in 2 years out of 10; udic moisture regime.
Depth to base of the argillic horizon: 60 to >80 inches
Thickness of the solum: 60 to >80 inches
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 6 to 14 inches and extends into the B horizon
Particle-size control section (weighted average): silty clay
Clay content: 45 to 55 percent
Sand content: <10 percent
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3 (4 or 5 dry)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam and less commonly silty clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 27 percent
Reaction: moderately acid through very strongly acid
Thickness: 6 to 14 inches
E horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (5 to 7 dry)
Chroma: 1
Texture: silt loam
Clay content: 14 to 20 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to strongly acid
Thickness: 3 to 12 inches
Note: Structure is platy or granular.
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or N (upper part)
10YR to 5Y (lower part)
Value: 2 to 4 (3 to 6 dry)
Chroma: 0 to 2
Texture: silty clay or clay (upper part) silty clay loam or silty clay (lower part).
Clay content: 45 to 55 percent (upper part) 35 to 45 percent (lower part)
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline
Thickness: 40 to 80
BC horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 3 to 6 (5 to 8 dry)
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silty clay loam or silt loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
Thickness: 5 to 18 inches
C horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 7 (5 to 8 dry)
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the:
Barbert soils have soil temperatures at a depth of 20 inches that average 45 to 50 degrees F.
Crestmeade soils are dry in all parts of the soil moisture control section for less than 45 consecutive days in the 120 days following the summer solstice.
Edina soils are less that 60 inches to the base of the argillic, and are more acid in the lower part of the solum.
The
Fillmore soils pond water for brief duration during the growing season in most years and are typically saturated in the upper part of the solum for long duration.
Massie soils pond water for more than 45 consecutive days during the growing
season.
Scott soils pond water for brief duration during the growing season in most years and are typically saturated in the upper part of the solum for long duration.
Sturges soils have a dominant chroma of 3 in the uppermost part of
the argillic horizon.
Triplett soils are dry in all parts of the soil moisture control section for less than 45 consecutive days in the 120 days following the summer solstice Also, Triplett soils have more than 10% sand in the lower part of the control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loess
Landform: open depressions on stream terraces
Slopes: 0 to 1 percent
Elevation: 1000 to 2000 feet
Mean annual temperature: 50 to 56 degrees F
Mean annual precipitation: 27 to 35 inches
Frost-free period: 130 to 170 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the:
Fillmore soils pond water for short duration.
Scott soils occur in enclosed depressions and are ponded for long or very long duration.
Tomek(P) soils are well drained, contain less clay in the argillic horizon and do not occur in depressions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: Somewhat poorly drained.
Permeability: Very slow.
Runoff: Slow.
Note: These soils are saturated for brief duration during the growing season from a perched water table that ranges from 0.5 to 2.0 feet.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Filbert soils are cultivated. Corn, sorghum, and soybeans are the principal crops. Mid-prairie grasses are dominant in rangeland.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Nebraska. LRR M, MLRA 102B, 106; The series is of minor extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Saunders County, Nebraska, 1994. The series name is coined.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: The zone from 10 to 40 inches. (Ap1, Ap2, E1, E2, Bt1, Bt2, Bt3 horizons)
mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 80 inches. (A, E, Bt horizons)
albic horizon: The zone from 7 to 15 inches. (E horizons)
argillic horizon: The zone from 15 to 80 inches. (All Bt horizons)
linear extensibility: exceeds 6.0 between the surface and 100 cm
Remarks: These soils were mapped as Butler or Fillmore, drained on older surveys. These soils possibly formed in enclosed depressions, but road construction and ditches and past drainage activities have provided surface drainage of the area.
Taxonomic Version: Eighth edition, 1998