LOCATION FIVES OREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Ultic Haploxeralfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Fives loam, in a forested area. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
01--2 inches to 11/4; organic litter of loose leaves, twigs, and needles.
02--11/4 inch to 0; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) decomposed leaves, twigs, and needles; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--0 to 4 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, light gray (10YR 6/1) dry; moderate medium granular structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine to medium roots; common very fine and fine pores; 10 percent reddish brown and black concretions (shot); patches of white mycelia; medium acid (pH 5.7); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 7 inches thick)
AB--4 to 9 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; thin light gray coating on faces of peds; weak fine subangular blocky parting to moderate fine and medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine to coarse roots; common very fine and fine pores; strongly acid (pH 5.3); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--9 to 17 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) clay loam, pale olive (5Y 6/3) dry; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; few very fine to medium roots; common very fine pores; few thin clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
Bt2--17 to 26 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) heavy clay loam, pale olive (5Y 6/3) dry; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine to medium roots; common very fine and fine pores; continuous moderately thick reddish brown and dark brown clay films on peds; very strongly acid (pH 4.9); gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
Bt3--26 to 38 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) heavy clay loam, pale olive (5Y 6/3) dry; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine to medium roots; common fine and very fine pores; continuous moderately thick reddish brown and brown clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 15 inches thick)
BCt--38 to 54 inches; olive (5Y 5/4) light clay loam, pale olive (5Y 6/3) dry; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine to coarse roots; common very fine and fine pores; common moderately thick reddish brown clay films on peds; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 18 inches thick)
C1--54 to 66 inches; variegated sandy clay loam; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine to coarse roots; common very fine, fine, and medium pores; discontinuous moderately thick reddish brown clay films along fracture planes; very strongly acid (pH 4.9); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 30 inches thick)
C2--66 to 79 inches; variegated sandy clay loam; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine to medium roots; few very fine to medium pores; discontinuous moderately thick reddish brown clay films on faces of weathered rock fractures; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (10 to 30 inches thick)
R--79 inches; semiconsolidated greenish breccia bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Douglas County, Oregon; about 21/2 air miles west of Fish Lake; NW1/4SW1/4 section 2, T. 29 S., R. 2 E., along Skimmerhorn Road
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The soils are usually moist, but are dry throughout the control section for 45 to 60 consecutive days during the summer months. The mean annual soil temperature ranges from 47 to 52 degrees F. The solum ranges in thickness from 45 to 60 inches. Depth to bedrock ranges from 5 to 10 feet. The solum commonly lacks rock fragments except for a few in the surface horizon. The solum has a base saturation (sum) of 50 to 75 percent in all parts.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 or 4 moist in the upper 4 inches and 4 in the lower part or AB horizon, dry value closest to 6, and chroma of 1 and 2. It has moderate medium granular structure in the A horizon and weak or moderate fine or very fine subangular blocky or fine and medium granular structure in the AB horizon. Combined thickness ranges from 7 to 12 inches.
The B horizon has hue of 5Y, 2.5Y or 10YR, value of 4 or 5 moist, 6 or 7 dry, and chroma of 3 or 4 moist and dry. It is clay loam with parts of the Bt horizon near clay. The upper 20 inches of the Bt horizon ranges from 30 to 35 percent clay, commonly near 35 percent. There is 25 to 30 percent fine sand and coarser but less than 15 percent coarse and very coarse sand. The B horizon has moderate or strong, medium or coarse subangular blocky structure.
The C horizon is highly variegated sandy clay loams or loams. The underlying bedrock is grennish breccia.
It is very strongly or strongly acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Boomer, Casabonne (T), Centralia, Cherryhill, Cle Elum, Cohasset, Crozier, Dalig (T), Glenview (T), Gunn(T), Holland, Hood, Hotaw, Kalama, Latourell, McGowan (T), Musick, Rosehaven (T), Speaker, Stump Springs (T), Tigit (T), Trelk (T), Underwood, Varelum, Wilkeson and Wohly (T) series. Boomer soils are dry for 105 to 120 consecutive days, have a MAST of 54 to 58 degrees F. and have hue of 5YR or 2.5YR. Centralia soils have an umbric epipedon. Casabonne and Cohasset soils have hue of 5YR or 7.5YR solum and a MAST of 54 to 59 degrees F. Cherryhill soils have a MAST of 53 to 55 degrees F. and are neutral to medium acid. Cle Elum, Hotaw, Speaker and Tigit soils are 20 to 40 inches deep to a paralithic contact. Crozier and Wohly soils are 20 to 40 inches deep to a lithic contact. Dalig and Gunn soils have hue of 7.5YR or 5YR and are slightly to medium acid. Glenview soils have a MAST of 52 to 59 degrees F. and hue of 7.5YR or 5YR. Holland soils have a MAST of 52 to 58 degrees F. and have 20 to 30 percent coarse and very coarse sand. Hood soils are slightly to medium and have 18 to 25 percent clay in the textural control section. Kalama soils have a solum 28 to 38 inches thick. Latourell soils have 18 to 22 percent clay in the textural control section. McGowan soils have hue of 5YR or 7.5YR. Musick soils have a MAST of 51 to 58 degrees F. and hue of 2.5YR in the Bt. Rosehaven soils have MAST of 52 to 57 degrees F. Stump Springs have over 20 percent coarse and very coarse sand. Trelk soils have a surface mantle dominated by amorphous material and a hue of 7.5YR in the Bt. Underwood soils have a solum 30 to 40 inches thick and a hue of 7.5YR or 5YR in the Bt. Varelum soils are neutral to mildly alkaline. Wilkeson soils have 15 to 35 percent coarse fragments in the textural control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Fives are on mountainous uplands and footslopes at elevations of 1,500 to 4,000 feet. Slopes range from 0 to 60 percent. The soils formed in very deep moderately fine textured colluvium or residuum weathered from volcanic breccia bedrock. The climate is subhumid with dry summers. Mean annual precipitation is 40 to 60 inches. Snow and rain come during the winter months. The mean annual temperature is about 45 to 50 degrees F., the mean January temperature is 30 degrees F., and the mean July temperature is about 66 degrees F. The mean annual frost-free season ranges from 100 to 160 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Deatman and Zing soils. Deatman soils lack argillic horizons. Zing soils are moderately well or somewhat poorly drained and fine textured.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well-drained; slow to rapid runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for timber production and wildlife habitat. Vegetation is mainly sugar pine, ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, incense cedar, and an understory of chinkapin, rhododendron, salal, Oregon grape, ceanothus, wild lilac, beargrass, rose, twinflower, and whipplevine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: On the west side of central and southern Cascade Mountains in Oregon. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: South Umpqua Area, Douglas County, Oregon, 1974.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data on 2 profiles (S60 OREG-10-1 and 10-2) reported in the Riverside Soil Survey Laboratory Report for soils from South Umpqua Area, Douglas County, Oregon, May 1965.