LOCATION FREESTONE               TX+MS OK

Established Series
GLL, RMR
10/2016

FREESTONE SERIES

The Freestone series consists of very deep, moderately well drained, slowly permeable soils that formed in loamy and clayey alluvium derived from shale and siltstone of Eocene Age. These nearly level to gently sloping soils occur on stream terraces on inland dissected coastal plains. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1092 mm (43 in) and the mean annual air temperature is about 19.4 degrees C (67 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Glossaquic Paleudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Freestone fine sandy loam, on a 1.5 percent slope in pastureland at an elevation of 96.8 m (317.6 ft.). (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in); brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak fine granular structure; hard, very friable; many fine roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (8 to 20 cm [3 to 8 in] thick)

E--10 to 28 cm (4 to 11 in); brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable; many fine roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (10 to 30 cm [4 to 12 in] thick)

Bt--28 to 51 cm (11 to 20 in); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, friable; many fine roots; many fine pores; few patchy clay films; few streaks and pockets of albic materials in lower part of horizon; few iron-manganese concretions; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (15 to 46 cm [6 to 18 in] thick)

Bt/E1--51 to 71 cm (20 to 28 in); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; weak coarse prismatic parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm; common fine roots along faces of peds; common fine pores; common fine and medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) redox concentrations with clear boundaries and few medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redox depletions with diffuse boundaries; few iron-manganese concretions 1 to 5 mm in diameter; gray (10YR 6/1) albic materials on vertical faces of prisms, with streaks and pockets 2 to 10 mm wide and 10 to 20 cm long that comprise about 10 percent of the matrix; very strongly acid; diffuse wavy boundary. (15 to 38 cm [6 to 15 in] thick)

Bt/E2--71 to 112 cm (28 to 44 in); gray (10YR 6/1) clay; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; very hard, firm; common fine roots along faces of peds; many fine and medium distinct dark red (2.5YR 3/6) and few fine distinct yellowish brown redox concentrations that are in a reticulate pattern with clear boundaries; few iron-manganese concretions 1 to 5 mm in diameter; albic materials on the vertical faces of peds, with streaks and pockets of 2 to 10 mm wide and 10 to 20 cm long comprise about 12 percent of the mass; strongly acid; diffuse wavy boundary. (30 to 66 cm [12 to 26 in] thick)

Bt'1--112 to 152 cm (44 to 60 in); gray (10YR 6/1) clay; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; extremely hard, very firm; few roots along faces of peds; common fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and common fine distinct dark red redox concentrations with clear boundaries; few iron-manganese concretions; albic materials on the vertical faces of some peds; moderately acid; diffuse boundary. (25 to 64 cm [10 to 25 in] thick)

Bt'2--152 to 196 cm (60 to 77 in); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay; weak coarse angular blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm; few pressure faces 5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 in) across; few fine roots along faces of peds; common fine distinct yellowish red and few fine distinct yellowish brown redox concentrations with clear boundaries; few iron-manganese concretions; few streaks of albic materials; slightly acid; diffuse boundary. (20 to 51 cm [8 to 20 in] thick)

Bkss--196 to 229 cm (77 to 90 in); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay; weak coarse angular blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm; few fine roots; common medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) redox depletions with clear boundaries and common fine faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) redox concentrations with clear boundaries; common slickensides; common soft masses and few pitted concretions of calcium carbonate; few iron-manganese concretions; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Anderson County, Texas; From the intersection of Farm Road 320 and U.S. Highway 79 in Palestine, Texas, approximately 8.2 miles west to the intersection of Farm Roads 645 and 320, 1.9 miles north on Farm Road 645 to Farm Road 3328. Point is located approximately 185 ft West of Farm Road 645 and 365 ft South of Farm Road 3328 in pastureland. USGS Tennessee Colony topographic quadrangle; Latitude: 31 degrees 45 minutes 39.626 seconds N; Longitude: 95 degrees 48 minutes 18.087 seconds W. Datum WGS84.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An udic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is not dry in any part for as long as 90 days in normal years.
Soil Depth: very deep, 152 to greater than 203 cm (60 to more than 80 in)
Rock Fragments: amount-0 to 4 percent, kind-quartzite and/or chert, shape-nonflat, roundness-subrounded, cementation-very-strongly to indurated; size-gravel; occur throughout the matrix.
Depth to albic materials: 10 to 28 cm (4 to 11 in)
Depth to albic horizon: 10 to 28 cm (4 to 11 in)
Depth to argillic horizon: 18 to 50 cm (7 to 19.7 in)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: greater than 152 cm (60 in), and many pedons do not have visible secondary carbonates
Depth to glossic horizon: 33 to 96 cm (13 to 37.8 in)
Depth to redox concentrations: 18 to 50 cm (7 to 19.7 in)
Depth to redox depletions: 33 to 96 cm (13 to 37.8 in)
Depth to episaturation: 33 to 96 cm (13 to 37.8 in), the soil has aquic soil conditions in the spring at a depth of 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in) during most years
Thickness of the ochric epipedon: 8 to 20 cm (3 to 8 in)
Vertic features: 123 to greater than 203 cm (48.4 to greater than 80 in), these features are absent in some pedons

Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent

A Horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 6, dry or moist, horizons with value of 3 are less than 7 inches thick
Chroma: 2 to 4, dry or moist
Texture: loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, or loam
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 3 percent; size-fine to coarse; kind-quartzite
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

E horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 6, moist and 5 to 7, dry
Chroma: 2 to 3, dry or moist
Texture: loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, or loam
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 3 percent; size-fine to coarse; kind-quartzite
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7, dry or moist
Chroma: 4 to 8, dry or moist
Texture: loam or sandy clay loam
Clay films: amount-few, distinctness-faint to distinct, location-on vertical faces of peds
Redox concentrations: amount-none to few, size-fine to medium, contrast-faint to distinct, boundary-clear to diffuse, location-on surfaces along root channels or between peds
Redox depletions: amount-none to few, size-fine to medium, contrast-faint to distinct, boundary-clear to diffuse, location-on surfaces along root channels or between peds
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-none to few; size-very fine to fine; kind-iron-manganese concretions
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 4 percent; size-fine to coarse; kind-quartzite
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid
Other features: Streaks or spots of albic materials range from none to less than 5 percent by volume

Bt/E horizon:
Bt part
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7, dry or moist
Chroma: 1 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or clay
E part
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 6, moist and 5 to 7, dry
Chroma: 1 to 3, dry or moist
Texture: loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, or loam
Redox concentrations: amount-few to many, size-fine to medium, contrast-faint to distinct, boundary-sharp to clear, location-between peds
Redox depletions: amount-few to many, size-fine to medium, contrast-faint to distinct, boundary-clear to diffuse, location-in the matrix
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-few to many; size-very fine to fine; kind-iron-manganese concretions
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 4 percent; size-fine to coarse; kind-quartzite
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid
Other Features: Streaks, coatings, and pockets of albic materials make up 5 to 15 percent by volume

Bt'1 and Bt'2 horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7, dry or moist
Chroma: 1 to 4, dry or moist
Texture: clay loam, sandy clay, or clay
Clay content: greater than 35 percent
Clay films: amount-few to many, distinctness-faint to distinct, location-on vertical faces of peds
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common, size-fine to medium, contrast-distinct, boundary-clear, location- between peds
Redox depletions: amount-none to common, size-fine to medium, contrast-faint to distinct, boundary-clear, location- in the matrix
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-none to few; size-fine; kind-iron-manganese concentrations
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 4 percent; size-fine to coarse; kind-quartzite
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid
Other features: Streaks and pockets of albic materials range from none to less than 5 percent by volume

Bkss Horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7, dry or moist
Chroma: 1 to 4, dry or moist
Texture: clay loam, sandy clay, or clay
Slickensides/Pressure faces: amount-common; distinctness-distinct
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common, size-fine to medium, contrast-faint to distinct, boundary-clear, location- between peds
Redox depletions: amount-none to common, size-fine to medium, contrast-faint to distinct, boundary-clear, location- in the matrix
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-none to few; size-fine; kind-iron-manganese concentrations
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 4 percent; size-fine to coarse; kind-quartzite
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-few to common, size-fine to medium, kind-masses and concretions, location-throughout
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 1 percent
Effervescence: slight
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline

C Horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7, dry or moist
Chroma: 1 to 3, dry or moist
Texture: stratified shale with clay loam, sandy clay loam, sandy clay, or clay textures
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common, size-fine to medium, contrast-faint to distinct, boundary-clear, location- between peds
Redox depletions: amount-none to common, size-fine to medium, contrast-faint to distinct, boundary-clear, location- in the matrix
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-none to few; size-fine; kind-iron-manganese concentrations
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 4 percent; size-fine to coarse; kind-quartzite
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-none to common, size-fine to medium, kind-masses and concretions, location-throughout
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 1 percent
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series in the same family. Similar series are the Bernaldo, Falkner, Glenmora, Keithville, Kolin, Macon, Muskogee, Rader, and Raino series.
Bernaldo and Macon soils: do not have redox depletions within 76 cm (30 in) of the soil surface
Macon soils: do not have albic materials in the Bt horizon.
Falkner, Glenmore, Keithville, Kolin, and Muskogee soils: have fine-silty control sections.
Rader and Raino soils: have tongues penetrating the upper Bt horizon and Rader soils are dry for longer periods of time in the moisture control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy and clayey alluvium derived from shale and siltstone of Eocene Age
Landscape: nearly level and gently sloping stream terraces on inland dissected coastal plains
Slope: 0 to 5 percent, but are mainly 0 to 3 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 1014 to 1217 cm (39.9 to 47.9 in)
Mean annual air temperature: 16.4 to 20.0 degrees C (61.5 to 68 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 218 to 265 days
Elevation: 44 to 242 m (144.4 to 794 ft)
Thornthwaite P-E Index: 64 to 75

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bernaldo and Raino series and the Annona, Lufkin, Wolfpen, and Woodtell series.
Annona, Lufkin, and Woodtell soils: have fine textured control sections.
Wolfpen soils: have sandy epipedons 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in) thick and are slightly higher positions.
Bernaldo and Ranio soils: are on similar positions.
Annona and Lufkin soils: are on slightly lower wetter positions.
Woodtell soils: are above on low ridges and also below on side slopes above drainageways.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; Permeability is slow. Runoff is negligible on 0 to 1 percent slopes; very low on 1 to 3 percent slopes; and low on 3 to 5 percent slopes. An extremely thin perched water table is above the clay layer for brief to long periods in the spring season during most years.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for pasture. Native trees include postoak, blackjack, hickory, sweetgum, and elm. Pine mainly in plantations are along the eastern and southern portions of the series province. Pasture grasses include bermuda, Bahia, and lovegrass. Most areas were at one time cultivated to cotton, corn, and sorghum.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mainly in the western part of the Southern Coastal Plain of eastern Texas, MLRA 87B, 133B. The series is of large extent with more than 400,000 acres correlated.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lamar County, Mississippi; 1970.

REMARKS: Freestone soils were formerly included in the Sawyer series.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Particle size control section: 28 to 78 cm (11 to 30.7 in) (Bt, Bt/E1, and Bt/E2 horizons)

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 28 cm (0 to 11 in) (A and E horizons)
Argillic horizon: 28 to 229 cm (11 to 90 in) (Bt, Bt/E1, Bt/E2, Bt'1, Bt'2 horizons)
Glossic horizon: 51 to 112 cm (20 to 44 in) (Bt/E1 and Bt/E2 horizons)

Redoximorphic concentrations: 28 to 229 cm (11 to 90 in). (Bt, Bt/E1, Bt/E2, Bt'1, Bt'2, Bkss horizons)
Redoximorphic depletions: 51 to 112 cm (20 to 44 in). (Bt/E1 and Bt/E2 horizons)
Vertic features: The presence of slickensides at 196 to 229 cm (77 to 90 in). (Bkss horizons)
Episaturation: The zone of saturation at 51 to 112 cm (20 to 44 in). (Bt/E1 and Bt/E2 horizons)
Aquic conditions: 51 to 112 cm (20 to 44 in). (Bt/E1 and Bt/E2 horizons)

ADDITIONAL DATA: Mineralogy data on one pedon, Hopkins County, Texas. LSL 72L221.
Soil Interpretation record number: TX0103

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.