LOCATION WOODTELL                TX+LA OK

Established Series
Rev. CLN-RM-JAW
12/2022

WOODTELL SERIES

The Woodtell series consists of soils that are deep to stratified loamy and clayey residuum derived from sandstone and shale. They are well drained and very slowly permeable. These soils are gently sloping to moderately steep which occur on interfluves and side slopes of ridges on inland dissected coastal plains. The slope ranges from 1 to 20 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1244 mm (49 in) and the mean annual air temperature is about 17.2 degrees C (63 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Vertic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Woodtell fine sandy loam--pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam; few fine distinct strong brown redox concentrations; weak fine granular structure; hard, friable; few roots; few wormcasts; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (10 to 23 cm [4 to 9 in] thick)

Bt--15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in); yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay; few fine distinct light yellowish brown mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; common roots; continuous clay films; few krotovinas filled with material from the A horizon; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 30 cm [4 to 12 in] thick)

Btss1--30 to 74 cm (12 to 29 in); red (2.5YR 4/8) clay; many medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) mottles; few fine faint yellowish red redox concentrations; weak fine blocky structure; very hard, very firm; common slickensides and pressure faces; patchy clay films; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btss2--74 to 114 cm (29 to 45 in); yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) clay loam; many medium prominent gray (10YR 6/1) mottles, and few coarse prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) mottles; weak coarse blocky structure; very hard, firm; few thin clay films; common slickensides and pressure faces; few fine white masses of barite; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Btss is 51 to 102 cm [20 to 40 in] thick)

C--114 to 183 cm (45 to 72 in); stratified layers of light olive gray (5Y 6/2) and gray (10YR 5/1) shale with clay loam texture and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; massive; very hard, firm; few flattened roots between shale fragments; few black specks; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Red River County, Texas; From the intersection of U. S. Highway 82 and Farm Road 909 in Clarksville, Texas, 8.4 miles south on Farm Road 909; 1.9 miles east on private road; 50 ft north in a pasture. USGS Clarksville topographic quadrangle; Latitude: 33 degrees, 30 minutes, 43.608 seconds N; Longitude: 97 degrees 4 minutes, 19.344 seconds W. Datum: WGS84.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: Udic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is the soil moisture control section is not dry in any part for as long as 90 cumulative days per year.
Soil Depth: ranges from 51 to about 152 cm (40 to about 60 in).
Depth to abrupt textural change: 10 to 23 cm (4 to 9 in). The boundary between the E and Bt horizon is abrupt over the subsoil crests and clear over the deeper subsoil troughs.
Depth to argillic horizon: 10 to 23 cm (4 to 9 in)
Depth to salt accumulations: 117 to 137 cm (46 to 54 in) (where present)
Depth to redox concentrations: 30 to 74 cm (12 to 29 in) (where present)
Thickness of ochric epipedon 10 to 23 cm (4 to 9 in)
Vertic features: 25 to 64 cm (10 to 25 in). The soil cracks when dry in the upper part of the argillic horizon during the summer months of most years. The cracks are about 1/4 to 3 cm (1 in) wide and 25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 in) or more deep.

Clay content: 40 to 55 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 25 percent (Large stones and boulders are on the surface of some pedons. These fragments are 25 cm (10 in) to about 4.6 m (15 ft) across and are typically 15 cm 61 cm (6 in to about 24 in) thick. They cover about 10 to 40 percent of the surface area.)
Some pedons have a few very fine or fine masses of barite in the lower part of the argillic horizon or in the upper part of the C horizon.

A horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (Horizons with value of 3 are less than 7 inches thick).
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loam or gravelly sandy loam
Redox concentrations: none to few
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount; size; kind
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 10 percent; size-2 to 250 mm; kind-ironstone nodules
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid

E horizon (when present): Typically in undisturbed areas
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loam or gravelly sandy loam
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 10 percent; size-2 to 250 mm; kind-ironstone nodules
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid.
The combined thickness of the A and E horizons is less than 25 cm (10 in) thick in most of the pedon. However, the thickness ranges to 38 cm (15 in) in some subsoil troughs.

Bt and Btss horizons:
Hue: 10R, 2.5YR, 5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 8
Texture: clay loam or clay
Redox concentrations: none to many, fine, faint
Redox depletions: are relic or they are derived from the parent material.
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 6 percent, size-2 to 5 mm, kind-ironstone nodules
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

BCt horizon (where present):
Hue: 2.5Y, 10YR, 2.5YR,
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 8
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Redox concentration: few to many
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 11 percent, size-2 to 5 mm, kind-ironstone nodules
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral)

CB, C, or Cz horizon:
Hue: 5Y, 2.5Y, 10YR, 5YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 8
Colors are stratified.
Texture: clay loam, sandy clay loam or clay, with clay content of 30 to 50 percent.
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 15 percent, size-2 to 75 mm, kind-ironstone nodules
Salt masses: 0 to 5 percent (where present)
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Atasco, Chickasaw, Colbert, Etoile, Iota, Kellison, Oakhurst, Oula, Rayburn, and Telogia series in the same family. Similar soils are the Annona, Axtell, Bryarly, McKamie, Hallsummit, Moswell, Natchitoches, Oktibbeha, Rosenwall, Sacul, and Woodville series.
Atasco and Iota soils: are very deep and lack shale materials in lower horizon.
Chickasaw soils: well drained over weakly cemented fractured claystone
Colbert soils: are underlain by limestone bedrock and formed in residuum weathered from argillaceous limestone.
Etoile soils: are less acid throughout and contain free carbonates in the C horizon.
Kellison and Oakhurst soils: have redder hues in the upper part of the Bt horizons
Oula soils: have yellower hue in the Bt horizon.
Rayburn soils: have a paralithic contact of tuffaceous sandstones and clays.
Telogia soils: are somewhat poorly drained
Annona, Bryarly and Woodville soils: have sola greater than 152 cm (60 in), and in addition Bryarly soils lack an abrupt textural change between the A and Bt horizon.
Axtell soils: are in an ustic moisture regime.
McKamie soils: do not have gray colors in the Bt horizon and have mixed mineralogy.
Hallsummit soils: lack vertic properties and have mixed mineralogy.
Moswell, Natchitoches, and Oktibbeha soils: have very-fine textured control sections.
Rosenwall and Sacul soils: have base saturation less than 35 percent.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy and clayey residuum derived from sandstone and shale. These materials are weathered from unconsolidated, stratified loamy, clayey, and shaly materials of Eocene age mainly in the Wilcox and Cook Mountian formations.
Landscape: inland dissected coastal plains
Landform: convex linear backslopes on sideslopes on ridges and convex linear shoulders on interfluves on ridges
Slope: 1 to 20 percent, mainly 2 to 12 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 1016 to 1216 mm (40 to 48 in)
Mean annual air temperature: 16.7 to 20.0 degrees C (62 to 68 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 230 to 270 days
Elevation: 72.7 to 207.5 m (238.5 to 681 ft)
Thornthwaite P-E Index: 64 to 78

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the competing Etoile series, and the Annona, Bryarly, Bernaldo, Freestone, LaCerda, Naclina, Wolfpen, and Raino series.
Annona and Brylarly soils: are on slightly higher landscape positions.
Bernaldo and Freestone soils: are on slightly lower terrace positions and are fine-loamy soils.
Etoile, LaCerda, and Naclina soils: are in lower positions. In addition, LaCerda and Naclina soils are vertisols.
Raino soils: are on slightly lower terrace positions on pimple mounds. They have a fine-loamy upper subsoil.
Wolfpen soils: are located on slightly higher positions and have a loamy texture class

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained and very slowly permeable. Runoff is Very High on slopes of 1 to greater than 20 percent.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used mainly for pasture. Native vegetation is mainly postoak, blackjack oak, elm and red oak in a fairly dense savannah. In open areas tall and mid grasses such as bluestems, tridens and panicums are common with longleaf uniola under the tree canopy. American beautyberry and hawthorn species are also a part of the understory. The main pasture plants are bermudagrass and bahiagrasse with crimson and arrowleaf clovers. There are scattered shortleaf and loblolly pine with small plantations and some dense pine areas on the eastern side of the series province. Some areas are planted to small grain for winter grazing.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Texas; Land Resource Region J - Southwestern Prairies Cotton and Forage Region; MLRA 87B - Texas Claypan Areas, Nouthern Part. Also parts of Arkansas and Oklahoma. The series is extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Red River County, Texas; 1972.

REMARKS: Woodtell soils were formerly included in the Axtell or Susquehanna series. Base saturation at 114 cm (45 in) is 56 percent by field kit.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 15 to 65 cm (6 to 26 in) (Bt1 and the upper part of the Btss1 horizon)

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in) (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon: 15 to 114 cm (6 to 45 in) (Bt and Btss horizons)

Redox concentrations: 30 to 74 cm (12 to 29 in) (Btss1 horizon)
Vertic features: 30 to 114 cm (12 to 45 in) (Btss1 and Btss2 horizons)
Abrupt textural change: at 15 cm (6 in) (Contact between Ap and Bt horizons)

Additional Data: TAMU Data from Titus County, Texas (S82TX-449-2)

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

---

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.