LOCATION FRIEDLANDER WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, isotic, frigid Andic Palexeralfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Friedlander ashy silt loam - on a northwest facing 6 percent slope, at 2,650 feet elevation, under a Douglas-fir canopy. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oi--0 to 3 inches; needles, leaves, twigs, cones; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--3 to 6 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) ashy silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; 2 percent fine pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
Bw--6 to 11 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) ashy silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 2 percent fine pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 12 inches thick)
2E--11 to 18 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine, common fine and medium roots; 2 percent fine pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
2E/Bt--18 to 26 inches; 60 percent very pale brown (10YR 7/3) loam (E part), 40 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam (B part), dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist (E part), dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist (B part); moderate medium angular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and medium, common fine roots; many distinct clay films on face of peds and lining pores; 2 percent pebbles; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
2Bt/E--26 to 35 inches; 75 percent brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam (B part), 25 percent light gray (10YR 7/2) loam (E part), dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) and brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist (B part), brown (10YR 5/3)moist (E part); strong coarse angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and common fine roots; many prominent clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 2 percent pebbles; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 17 inches thick)
2Bt1--35 to 55 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; strong coarse prismatic and angular blocky structure; extremely hard, extremely firm, very sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and fine roots; continuous prominent clay films on face of peds and lining pores; 5 percent pebbles; neutral (pH 6.6); clear wavy boundary. (12 to 20 inches thick)
2Bt2--55 to 60 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; extremely hard, extremely firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and fine roots; continuous prominent clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 5 percent pebbles; neutral (pH 6.6)
TYPE LOCATION: Colville Indian Reservation; Ferry County, Washington; about 8 miles southeast of the town of Keller; 1,000 feet south, 1,300 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 17, T. 29 N., R. 34 E., W.M.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature at a depth of 20 inches ranges from 44 to 46 degrees F. These soils are usually moist but are dry in all parts between a depth of 4 and 12 inches for 60 to 75 consecutive days following the summer solstice. The volcanic ash mantle ranges from 7 to 14 inches in thickness and has an estimated moist bulk density of 0.85 to 1.0 g/cc, volcanic glass content of 30 to 60 percent, acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half of the acid-oxalate extractable iron of 1.0 to 2.0 percent, and 15-bar water retention of 5 to 12 percent for air dried samples. The particle-size control section averages 35 to 45 percent clay and 2 to 15 percent granitic rock fragments. These soils have an E, E/B or B/E or any combination of these horizons.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, and chroma of 2 or 3 dry or moist. This horizon is 0 to 5 percent pebbles. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 or 4 moist, and chroma of 3 or 4 dry or moist. This horizon is 0 to 5 percent pebbles. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.
The 2E horizon has value of 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist, and chroma o 2 through 4 dry or moist. This horizon is 0 to 10 percent pebbles. Some pedons lack a 2E horizon.
The E part of the 2E/Bt horizon has value of 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist, and chroma of 2 through 4 dry or moist. The Bt part has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist. The E part is loam or very fine sandy loam and the horizon is gravelly in some pedons. It has weak or moderate, fine or medium, angular blocky or subangular blocky structure. This horizon is 0 to 10 percent pebbles. Reaction is moderately or slightly acid. Some pedons lack a 2E/B horizon.
The Bt part of the 2Bt/E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist. It is silty clay loam, clay loam, or loam. The E part has value of 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist, and chroma of 2 through 4 dry or moist. It is silt loam or loam. This horizon has moderate or strong, medium or coarse, angular blocky or subangular blocky structure. It is 0 to 10 percent pebbles. Some pedons lack a 2Bt/E horizon.
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR, value of 4 through 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist, and chroma of 3 through 6 dry or moist. It is clay, silty clay loam, or clay loam and may be gravelly. It has moderate or strong, medium or coarse, prismatic, angular blocky, or subangular blocky structure. It is 5 to 10 percent pebbles. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Anglen series. Anglen soils are dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days and have a 2Bt horizon that is dominantly 2.5Y or 5Y.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Friedlander soils are on backslopes, footslopes, and toeslopes of mountains. These soils formed in residuum and colluvium from granitic rocks with a thin mantle of loess and volcanic ash. Slopes are 0 to 40 percent. Elevations range from 2,400 to 4,000 feet. The climate is characterized by warm, dry summers and cold, moist winters. The average annual precipitation is 18 to 22 inches. The mean January temperature is about 22 degrees F, mean July temperature is about 65 degrees F, and the mean annual air temperature is about 43 degrees F. The frost-free period is 90 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Canteen, Centralpeak, Dinkelman, Georgecreek, Sclome, and Spokane soils. Canteen and Dinkelman soils are less than 60 inches deep and coarse loamy. Centralpeak and Spokane soils are coarse-loamy and 20 to 40 inches deep to a paralithic contact. Georgecreek soils are fine-loamy and have a mean annual soil temperature at 20 inches of 47 to 52 degrees F. Sclome soils have an aquic soil moisture regime.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, very slow to rapid runoff; slow or moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Timber production, grazing, wildlife habitat, and watersheds are the principal uses. The native vegetation is Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, and western larch, with an understory of common snowberry, mallow ninebark, pinegrass, creambush oceanspray, pachystima, kinnikinnick, dwarf huckleberry, Saskatoon serviceberry, white spiraea, and starry false-solomons-seal. Grand fir, queencup beadlily and longtube twinflower are found on some sites.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Washington. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Colville Indian Reservation, Ferry County, Washington, 1984.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this soil are an ochric epipedon from 3 to 6 inches (A horizon), and an argillic horizon from 26 to 60 inches (2Bt/E, 2Bt1 and 2Bt2 horizons). Base saturation is assumed to be less than 75 percent (by sum) throughout the argillic horizon. The description reflects a change in classification from fine, mixed, frigid Andic Palexeralfs to fine, isotic, frigid Andic Palexeralfs.