LOCATION GARWOOD TX
Established Series
SEB-ACT-RM-AKS
07/2019
GARWOOD SERIES
The Garwood series consists of very deep, moderately well drained, slowly permeable soils that formed in loamy fluviomarine deposits derived from the Lissie Formtion of Pleistocene age. These nearly level soils occur on flats on coastal plains. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1118 mm (44 in), and the mean annual air temperature is about 20 degrees C (68 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, kaolinitic, hyperthermic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Garwood fine sandy loam--cropland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated).
Ap--0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 in); dark brown (10YR 3/3) fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular blocky; hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores, few medium tubular pores; 1 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) uncoated sand grains on ped interiors; few worms; few fine worm casts; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries along root pore linings; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
A--18 to 33 cm (7 to 13 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular blocky; hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores, few medium tubular pores; few worm casts; common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries along root pore linings ; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries along root pore linings; 2 percent fine and medium siliceous pebbles; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Ap and A horizons is 13 to 52 cm [5 to 21 in thick)
E1--33 to 48 cm (13 to 19 in); brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular; hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores, many medium tubular pores; few worm casts; many coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries in matrix; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries in matrix; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries along root pore linings; 2 percent fine and medium siliceous pebbles; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
E2--48 to 58 cm (19 to 23 in); brown (10YR 5/3) sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular; hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores and few medium tubular pores; few worm casts; common coarse prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulations with sharp boundaries in the matrix; common fine and medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries in the matrix; many fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) rhizospheres; 2 percent fine and medium siliceous pebbles; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of E horizon is 24 to 65 cm [10 to 24 in])
Bt1--58 to 79 cm (23 to 31 in); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium and coarse subangular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; many fine roots; common fine tubular pores and few medium tubular pores; many prominent dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on surfaces of peds; many medium and coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries in the matrix; many medium and coarse prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries in the matrix; few medium and coarse prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries in the matrix; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--79 to 97 cm (31 to 38 in); yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; common fine roots; common fine tubular pores; many prominent dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on surfaces of peds; common medium and coarse prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries in the matrix; common medium and coarse distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions with sharp boundaries in the matrix; few fine and medium dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay depletions with diffuse boundaries on surfaces of peds; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt1 and Bt2 horizons is 15 to 71 cm [6 to 28 in])
Bt3--97 to 135 cm (38 to 53 in); gray (10YR 6/1) clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; common fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 1 percent pale brown (10YR 6/3) albic material on surfaces of prisms; common fine dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay depletions on surfaces of prisms 1 mm thick; many coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulations with sharp boundaries in the matrix; few fine and medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulations with sharp boundaries in the matrix; few fine faint light gray (10YR 7/1) iron depletions with sharp boundaries in the matrix; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt4--135 to 158 cm (53 to 62 in); 40 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and 35 percent gray (10YR 6/1) and 25 percent red (2.5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; common organic stains dark gray 10YR 4/1) on surfaces of prisms; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt5--158 to 203 cm (62 to 80 in); light gray (10YR 7/2) loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; 2 percent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) albic materials on surfaces of prisms; 2 percent fine nodules of iron-manganese; many coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation with sharp boundaries in the matrix; common fine faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions with diffuse boundaries in the matrix; neutral. (Combined thickness of the Bt3, Bt4, and Bt5 horizons is 56 to 119 cm [22 to 47 in)
TYPE LOCATION: Colorado County, Texas; In Columbus, from the intersection of Interstate Highway 10 and Texas Highway 71, 9.8 miles south on Texas Highway 71 to Altair, from the intersection of U.S. Highway Alternate 90, 0.5 miles south on county road, 0.6 mile east on county road, 1.15 miles south on county road, 0.15 mile east and 700 feet southwest in pasture.
USGS topographic quadrangle: Rock Island, TX
Latitude: 29 degrees, 30 minutes, 59.9 seconds N
Longitude: 96 degrees, 32 minutes, 42.9 seconds W
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An udic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is moist in some or all parts for more than 275 days in normal years.
Mean annual soil temperature: 21.7 to 22.8 degrees C (71 to 73 degrees F)
Thickness of the A and E horizon: 50 to 93 cm (20 to 37 in)
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Total clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Ap horizon:
(some pedons have and A or A2 horizon)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam
Total clay content: 3 to 12 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common; color-shades of brown or yellow; redox concentrations are mostly associated with rice culture
Reaction (pH): very strongly acid to moderately acid (4.5 - 6.0)
E horizons:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam or loam
Total clay content: 2 to 15 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-few to many; color-shades of brown or yellow; redox concentrations are mostly associated with rice culture
Reaction (pH): strongly acid to slightly acid (5.1 - 6.5)
Bt horizons:
(upper part)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2 (some pedons have a variegated matrix that include chroma that ranges from 1 to 8)
Texture: clay loam, sandy clay, or clay
Total clay content: 32 to 50 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-common to many; color-shades of yellow, brown, or red
Redox depletions: amount-none to common; color-shades of gray
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-none to common; kind-nodules, concretions, or masses
Reaction (pH): very strongly acid to slightly acid (4.5 - 6.5)
Bt horizons:
(lower part)
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2 (some pedons have a variegated matrix that include chroma that ranges from 1 to 8)
Texture: loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or clay
Total clay content: 24 to 50 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-common to many; color-shades of yellow, brown, or red
Redox depletions: amount-none to common; color-shades of gray
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-none to common; kind-nodules, concretions, or masses
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-none to common; kind-masses or nodules;
Reaction (pH): strongly acid to slightly alkaline (5.1 - 7.8)
COMPETING SERIES:
There are no series in the same family. Similar soils are the
Midfield,
Telf,
Telferner, and
Tidehaven series.
Midfield,
Telferner and
Tidehaven soils: smectitic mineralogy
Telf soils: mixed mineralogy
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy fluviomarine deposits derived from the Lissie Formation of Pleistocene age
Landscape: coastal plains
Landform: flats
Slope: 0 to 1 percent
Precipitation Pattern: Rainfall is mostly uniform throughout the year with slight peaks in spring and fall months
Mean annual precipitation: 1041 to 1194 mm (41 to 47 in)
Mean annual air temperature: 19.5 to 20.6 degrees C (67 to 69 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 271 to 300 days
Elevation: 40 to 76 m (130 to 250 ft)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the
Cieno,
Cyfair,
Fordtran,
Gessner,
Inez,
Katy,
Nada, and
Telf series.
Cieno and
Gessner soils: poorly drained; are depressions
Cyfair and
Nada soils: somewhat poorly drained; in a fine-loamy family; on flats lower in the landscape
Fordtran soils: sandy epipedon; on stream terraces
Inez soils: aquic conditions; vertic properties; on stream terraces
Telf sols: less than 50 cm (20 in) of epipedon; have vertic properties; on a similar landform
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: moderately well
Permeability class: moderate in the upper part (A and E horizons) and slow in the lower part (Bt horizons)
Runoff: low
Flooding: none
Ponding: none
Wetness: seasonal water table; Episaturation occurs above the argillic horizon for less than 20 consecutive days or 30 cumulative days following abnormally heavy rainfall. In normal years, the episaturtion occurs above the argillic horizon for short periods in the winter and early spring months.
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses: cropland, pasture, and range. Crops grown are rice and soybeans.
Native vegetation: grasses consist of little bluestem, indiangrass, bluestem, switchgrass, crinkleawn, and Florida paspalum. A few areas near the northern extent are in live oak savannahs.
Ecological sites assigned to phases and components of this series are listed below. Current ecological site assignments are in Web Soil Survey. Components of this series include the following ecological sites:
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area: north central to southeast Texas generally from the Colorado River drainage system to the Brazos River drainage system
Land Resource Region: T (Atlantic and Gulf Coast Lowland Forest and Crop Region)
Major Land Resource Region: 150A- Gulf Coast Prairies
Extent: The series is of moderate extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES PROPOSED: Colorado County, Texas; 1997. The Garwood series is named after the community of Garwood, located in the southern part of Colorado County.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in the Katy series. The series classification change from mixed mineralogy to kaolinitic mineralogy is based on NSSL data (S1995TX089002) from the type location, and reference samples tested for mineralogy by Texas A&M University. The classification was changed from Albaquic Hapludalfs to Typic Hapludalfs during the update of MLRA 150A. Observations made during this time indicated aquic conditions did not occur. Episaturation only occurs during abnormally wet conditions.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: 58 to 108 cm (23 to 43 in)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 58 cm (0 to 23 in) (Ap, A, E1, and E2 horizons)
Argillic horizon: 58 to 203 cm (23 to 80 in) (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, Bt5 horizons)
Abrupt textural change: at 58 cm (23 in) (contact between E2 and Bt1 horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL data on lab pedon number 95P0487 from the type location in Colorado County, Texas. Additional, KSSL data on lab pedon numbers 10N0621 and 10N0622 from Waller County, Texas
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.