LOCATION GENEGRAF NV

Established Series
Rev. CEJ-WED-JVC-JBF
06/2017

GENEGRAF SERIES

The Genegraf series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from volcanic rocks. Genegraf soils are on fan remnants. Slopes are 2 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 125 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 11 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Durinodic Natrargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Genegraf gravelly fine sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is covered with approximately 30 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles.

A--0 to 8 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) gravelly fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine and few fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; 15 percent gravel and 3 percent cobbles; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 15 cm thick)

E--8 to 15 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate thin and medium platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, few fine roots; many very fine and fine vesicular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 10 cm thick)

Btnk1--15 to 33 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and few fine roots; common fine tubular pores; few prominent and many distinct clay films on faces of peds; 10 percent gravel; secondary carbonates segregated as few fine filaments coating rock fragments and as 15 percent light gray (10YR 7/2) coats on faces of peds; strongly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.2); abrupt wavy boundary. (5 to 18 cm thick)

Btnk2--33 to 46 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine roots; common fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and few faint clay films lining pores; 5 percent gravel; Secondary carbonates segregated as many fine filaments coating rock fragments and as 10 percent light gray (10YR 7/2) coats on faces of peds; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to 23 cm thick)

Bqk1--46 to 76 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) gravelly fine sandy loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; hard, firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and few fine roots; common fine tubular pores; 30 percent gravel; continuous weak brittle matrix; 15 percent strongly cemented durinodes; secondary carbonates segregated as common fine coats on rock fragments; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.7); clear wavy boundary. (23 to 56 cm thick)

Bqk2--76 to 152 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) very gravelly fine sandy loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; 40 percent gravel; 10 percent weakly cemented durinodes; secondary carbonates segregated as common fine coats on rock fragments; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6).

TYPE LOCATION: Churchill County, Nevada; about 6 miles east of Frenchman Station; 2,300 feet south and 100 feet east of the northwest corner of section 33, T. 17 N., R. 34 E.; USGS Drumm Summit 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 39 degrees 17 minutes 44 seconds N and longitude 118 degrees 10 minutes 03 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 39.2956667 latitude, 118.167500 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually moist in the moisture control section from November to May, dry June to October; typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 12 to 15 degrees C.
Depth to base of natric horizon and continuous weak brittle matrix: 28 to 60 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 25 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: Averages 5 to 25 percent gravel, usually increasing with depth.

A horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Effervescence: None to strongly effervescent in the upper part, slightly effervescent to violently effervescent in the lower part.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.

Btnk horizons
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR.
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Clay loam, sandy clay loam, or gravelly clay loam.
Effervescence: Strongly effervescent or violently effervescent.
Reaction: Strongly alkaline or very strongly alkaline (up to pH 9.6).
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 10 percent.
Salinity (EC): 8 to 16 mmhos/cm.
Sodicity (SAR): 31 to 90.

Bqk horizons
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 5 or 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loamy sand, or loam; Thin Bqk horizons underlying the natric horizons of some pedons are gravelly clay loam.
Rock fragments: 25 to 50 percent mainly gravel, increasing with depth, with up to 60 percent in the lower horizons.
Cementation: Weak continuous brittle matrix in the upper Bqk subhorizon and weak continuous, weak discontinuous, or 0 to 30 percent weak to strongly cemented durinodes in the lower Bqk or Bk subhorizons.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline to very strongly alkaline (up to pH 9.6).
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 10 percent.
Salinity (EC): 8 to 32 mmhos/cm.
Sodicity (SAR): 31 to 45.
Other features: In some pedons these horizons constitute a calcic horizon.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Beoska, Beowawe, Jerval, Nyserva, and Ricert series.

Beoska soils have weak discontinuous cementation and natric horizons with texture of silty clay loam or silt loam. Beowawe soils have natric horizons with 18 to 25 percent clay and do not have Bqk and Bk horizons with 25 to 50 percent gravel. Jerval soils have natric horizons with sodium adsorption ratios of 13 to 30 and Bqk horizons with durinodes in a friable matrix. Nyserva soils have Bqk horizons with durinodes in a friable matrix. Ricert soils have natric horizons with sodium adsorption ratios of 13 to 45 and are noncalcareous in the upper part.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Genegraf soils are on fan remnants. They formed in alluvium derived from volcanic rocks. Slopes are 2 to 15 percent. Elevations range from 1,000 to 1,620 meters. The climate is arid with cool, moist winters and hot, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 100 to 175 mm, the mean annual temperature is 10 to 13 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 110 to 140 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bluewing, Rednik, and Trocken soils. Bluewing soils are sandy-skeletal, have ochric epipedons, and do not have natric horizons. Rednik soils are loamy-skeletal, have argillic horizons, and occur on adjacent fan remnants. Trocken soils are loamy-skeletal, have ochric epipedons, and do not have natric horizons.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; medium or high surface runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Genegraf soils are used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly Bailey's greasewood, shadscale, bud sagebrush, Indian ricegrass, and bottlebrush squirreltail.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Nevada. These soils are extensive with about 107,000 acres of the series mapped to date. MLRA 27.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pershing County (East Part), Nevada, 1986.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 15 cm (A and E horizons).
Albic horizon - The zone from 8 to 15 cm (E horizon).
Natric horizon - The zone from 15 to 46 cm (Btnk1 and Btnk2 horizons).
Duric feature - The zone from 46 to 76 cm (Bqk1 horizon).
Calcic horizon - The zone from 46 to 152 cm (Bqk1 and Bqk2 horizons).
Durinodes - The zone from 46 to 152 cm (Bqk1 and Bqk2 horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 15 to 46 cm (Btnk1 and Btnk2 horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: The series type location is sampled and has full characterization data by the Soil Survey Laboratory (SSL), Lincoln, NE, as soil survey sample number S80NV-001-004 (pedon # 81P0404).

User Pedon ID: 2007NV001243.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.