LOCATION GORHAMGULCH OR
Established Series
IRD. JLW/DAL/KMS
01/2019
GORHAMGULCH SERIES
Landscape--mountains
Landform--mountain slopes
Slope--0 to 90 percent
Parent material--thick mantle of volcanic ash over colluvium and residuum derived from granite
Mean annual precipitation--about 740 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 5 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--udic
Soil temperature regime--frigid
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy over loamy, amorphic over isotic, frigid Typic Udivitrands
TYPICAL PEDON: Gorhamgulch ashy silt loam in an area of woodland, on a 25-percent, planar, north-facing slope at an elevation of 1390 m
Oi--0 to 3 cm; needles and twigs
Bw1--3 to 28 cm; ashy silt loam, very pale brown (10YR 8/3) dry, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few coarse and many fine and medium roots; few fine irregular pores; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual smooth boundary
Bw2--28 to 48 cm; ashy silt loam, very pale brown (10YR 8/2) dry, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few coarse and many fine and medium roots; few fine irregular pores; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear smooth boundary
2Eb--48 to 91 cm; sandy loam, very pale brown (10YR 8/3) dry, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; soft, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine, medium, and coarse roots; few fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; strongly acid (pH 5.5); gradual smooth boundary
2BCb--91 to 155 cm; cobbly sandy loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; massive; soft, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; few fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; moderately acid (pH 6.0)
TYPE LOCATION: Baker County, Oregon, in the SE1/4NE1/4NE1/4 of section 1, T. 7 S., R. 37 E.; Rock Creek U.S. Geological Survey quadrangle; latitude 44.989575, longitude -118.1166001, datum WGS 84 (source of coordinates unknown but most likely a point on hard copy map)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--4 to 7 degrees C
Mean summer soil temperature--8 to 12 degrees C
Mean winter soil temperature--0 to 3 degrees C
Soil moisture control section--dry 30 to 45 days in summer
Thickness of ash-influenced layers--35 to 75 cm
Estimated properties of layers influenced by volcanic ash
*Ammonium oxalate extractable Al + 1/2 Fe--1 to 3 percent
*0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction--40 to 60 percent
*Glass content in 0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction--60 to 90 percent
*1/3-bar bulk density--0.65 to 1.0 g/cm3
*Phosphate retention--40 to 90 percent
*15-bar water retention--5 to 12 percent (dried samples)
*8 x Si plus 2 x Fe--5 to 12 percent
Particle-size control section
*Ashy upper part--35 to 75 cm thick; 3 to 8 percent clay; 0 to 5 percent rock fragments
*Loamy lower part--25 to 65 cm thick; 2 to 10 percent clay; 0 to 15 percent rock fragments
A horizon (where present)
Moist color--10YR 2/2, 10YR 3/3, 10YR 5/4
Dry color--10YR 4/3, 10YR 6/2, 10YR 8/3, 10YR 8/4
Fine-earth texture--ashy silt loam
Clay content--3 to 8 percent
Organic matter content--1 to 4 percent
Total rock fragment content--0 to 5 percent
Gravel content--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 6.5
Bw horizon, and BC horizon (where present)
Moist color--10YR 3/4, 10YR 5/4
Dry color--10YR 5/3, 10YR 5/4, 10YR 7/3, 10YR 7/4,10YR 8/2, 10YR 8/3
Fine-earth texture--ashy silt loam
Clay content--3 to 8 percent
Sand content--30 to 45 percent
Organic matter content--0.5 to 4.5 percent
Total rock fragment content--0 to 5 percent
Gravel content--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 6.5
Thickness--8 to 45 cm
2Eb horizon, and 2ABb horizon (where present)
Moist color--10YR 4/3, 10YR 5/3
Dry color--10YR 6/3, 10YR 7/2, 10YR 7/3, 10YR 8/3
Fine-earth texture--sandy loam, coarse sandy loam
Clay content--3 to 10 percent
Sand content--55 to 70 percent
Organic matter content--0.5 to 2.0 percent
Total rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent
Gravel content--0 to 10 percent
Cobble content--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 6.5
Thickness--8 to 45 cm
2BCb horizon, and 2Bwb horizon (where present)
Moist color--10YR 4/2, 10YR 5/2, 10YR 5/3, 10YR 5/4
Dry color--10YR 4/3, 10YR 6/3, 10YR 6/4, 10YR 7/2, 10YR 7/3
Fine-earth texture--sandy loam, coarse sandy loam
Clay content--2 to 8 percent
Sand content--55 to 70 percent
Organic matter content--0.3 to 1.5 percent
Total rock fragment content--0 to 20 percent
Gravel content--0 to 10 percent
Cobble content--0 to 10 percent
Reaction--5.1 to 6.5
Thickness--23 to 65 cm
2C horizon (where present)
Moist color--5Y 4/3, 10YR 4/2, 10YR 5/2, 10YR 5/3, 10YR 5/4
Dry color--5Y 5/4, 10YR 4/4, 10YR 7/2, 10YR 8/2
Fine-earth texture--sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, loamy sand
Clay content--0 to 7 percent
Total rock fragment content--0 to 20 percent
Gravel content--0 to 20 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 6.0
2Cr horizon (where present)
Kind of material--weathered granitic rock
COMPETING SERIES:
Dullaxe--very deep (more than 150 cm) to paralithic contact (weathered granitic rock); 15 to 50 percent glass in 0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction of ashy part; 2Bw horizon directly below ash mantle; more than 20 percent medium and coarser sand in loamy part of particle-size control section; 5 to 15 percent mica flakes throughout; formed in volcanic ash over material derived from granitic and metamorphic rock
Flewsie--very deep (more than 150 cm); 15 to 50 percent glass in 0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction of ashy part; 2Bw horizon directly below ash mantle; less than 5 percent medium and coarser sand in loamy part of particle-size control section; soft quartzite fragments in subsoil; formed in volcanic ash over material derived from quartzite or quartz-rich gneiss
Judgetown--deep (100 to 150 cm) to paralithic contact (weathered granite); 30 to 50 percent glass in 0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction of ashy part; 2Bw horizon directly below ash mantle; 2 to 5 percent mica flakes in soil material below ash mantle; formed in volcanic ash over residuum derived from granite
Vassar--100 to 150 cm (deep) to a paralithic contact (granitic rock)
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--1230 to 1890 m
Climate--cold, wet winters; cool, moist summers
Mean annual precipitation--570 to 1280 mm
Mean annual air temperature--3 to 6 degrees C
Frost-free period--20 to 80 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Roundmeadow--on steeper, planar to convex, mid to upper backslopes; 50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a paralithic contact (granitic rock); volcanic ash layer 20 to 35 cm thick; more than 35 percent rock fragments; 45 to 60 dry days
Sixdollar--on more south-facing slopes and lower elevations of similar landform positions; 100 to 150 cm (deep) to a lithic contact (granitic rock); mollic epipedon; argillic horizon; 60 to 75 dry days
Stalter--on convex to planar, mid to upper backslopes; 50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to paralithic contact (granite); more than 35 percent rock fragments in lower part of particle-size control section
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Saturation during normal years--none
Flooding--none
Ponding--none
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--timber production, recreation, wildlife habitat
Native vegetation--grand fir, Engelmann spruce, Douglas-fir, western larch, ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, subalpine fir, northern twinflower, big huckleberry, grouse huckleberry, heartleaf arnica, singleleaf pinyon, elk sedge, baldhip rose, pinegrass, western meadow-rue, Columbia brome, prince's pine, northwestern sedge, darkwoods violet, white hawkweed, pathfinder, starry false Solomon's seal
Ecological site--dominantly ABGR/LIBOL2; may include ABGR/VAME
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon; MLRA 43C; small extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, Oregon; 2018
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Ochric epipedon
*Cambic horizon--zone from 3 to 48 cm
*Volcanic glass--zone from 3 to 48 cm
*Andic soil properties--zone from 3 to 48 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 3 to 103 cm
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.