LOCATION HARDEMAN TX+OK

Established Series
Rev. KTL-RFG-DDR
11/2013

HARDEMAN SERIES

The Hardeman series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately rapidly permeable soils formed in moderately coarse textured eolian and alluvial sediments. These soils occur on nearly level to moderately steep treads and risers of stream terraces on dissected alluvial plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 20 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 635 mm (25 in) and the mean annual air temperature is about 16 degrees C (61 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Haplustepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Hardeman fine sandy loam--cropland.
(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 in); brown (7.5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable; common fine roots, slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. Thickness is 10 to 41 cm (4 to 16 in)

Bw--25 to 46 cm (10 to 18 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; compound weak medium subangular blocky and granular structure; slightly hard, very friable; few fine roots; few fine pores; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. Thickness is 20 to 46 cm (8 to 18 in)

Bk1--46 to 91 cm (18 to 36 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; compound weak coarse prismatic and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable; few fine roots; few fine pores; many films and threads of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 30 to 76 cm (12 to 30 in)

Bk2--91 to 163 cm (36 to 64 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable; few fine pores; few faint films and threads of calcium carbonate in upper part; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Hardeman County, Texas; from the intersection of U.S. Highway 287 and Farm Road 680, 0.6 mile west of Goodlett; 11.5 miles north, 3 miles west, and 3.8 miles north on Farm Road 680; 100 feet west in cultivated field.
USGS topographic quadrangle: Hollis SW, OK; Latitude: 34 degrees, 33 minutes, 35.45 seconds N; Longitude: 99 degrees, 56 minutes, 55.20 seconds W; Datum: NAD83. UTM Northing: 3824642 m; UTM Easting: 412970 m; UTM Zone 14.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: Typic-ustic soil moisture regime.
Solum thickness: 152 to more than 203 cm (60 to >80 in)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonates: 0 to 71 cm (0 to 28 in)
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent; siliceous gravel mainly less than 38 mm (1.5 inches across the long axis; throughout the solum

Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 12 to 18 percent
Sand content: more than 15 percent fine sand and coarser

A horizon
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 4; surface layers with value and chroma less than 3.5 are less than 25 cm (10 in) thick
Texture: dominantly fine sandy loam or sandy loam, but loam and very fine sandy loam are included.
Reaction(ph): neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6-8.4)

Bw horizon
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or very fine sandy loam.
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction(ph): neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6-8.4)

Bk1 horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or very fine sandy loam.
Identifiable secondary carbonate: less than 1 to 5 percent; faint or distinct; films, threads, and masses
Effervescence: slight to strong
Reaction(ph): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

Bk2 horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam; some pedons have buried layers of sandy clay loam, sandy loam or loamy sand below 102 cm (40 in)
Identifiable secondary carbonate: less than 1 to 5 percent; faint or distinct; films, threads, and masses
Effervescence: slight to strong
Reaction(ph): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Shrewder series in the same family. Similar soils are the Deepwood, Dill, Enterprise, Mobeetie, Spade, and Woodward series.
Dill soils are moderately deep over weakly cemented sandstone and are noneffervescent throughout the solum.
Deepwood, Enterprise and Woodward soils have less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser in the particle-size control section.
Mobeetie soils are strongly effervescent throughout and are dry in some part of the control section for more than half of the time during most years.
Spade soils have sandstone within 51 to 122 cm (20 to 48 in)
Shrewder soils do not have secondary carbonates within 71 cm (28 in) and have soft sandstone within 203 cm (80 in).

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent Material: moderately coarse textured eolian and/or alluvial sediments that have been reworked by wind. Most areas have at least a thin mantle of eolian sediments over alluvium.
Landscape: dissected alluvial plains
Landform: convex to plane, treads and risers of stream terraces
Slope: dominantly 1 to 5 percent, but ranges from 0 to 20 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 508 to 737 mm (20 to 29 in)
Thornthwaite P-E indices: 32 to 44
Mean annual temperature: 13.9 to 18.3 degrees C (57 to 65 degrees F)
Frost free days: 190 to 230 days
Elevation: 304.8 to 701.1 meters (1000 to 2300 feet)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Arnett, Enterprise, Deepwood, Devol, Grandfield, Hilgrave, Jester, Miles, Quinlan, Shrewder, Springer, Tivoli and Woodward series.
Arnett, Devol, Grandfield, Hilgrave, Miles and Springer soils have an argillic horizon and occur on higher positions. In addition, the Arnett, Grandfield, Hilgrave, and Miles soils have more than 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
Deepwood, Enterprise and Woodward soils have a coarse-silty particle-size control section and occur on similar positions.
Quinlan soils have bedrock at less than 51 cm (20 in) and occur on higher positions.
Shrewder soils do not have secondary calcium carbonates within 71 cm (28 in) and occur on similar positions.
Jester and Tivoli soils are sandy throughout and do not have a B horizon.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderately rapid. Runoff is negligible on slopes less than 1 percent, very low on 1 to 5 percent slopes, and low on 5 to 20 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: Slopes less than 5 percent are used mostly for sorghum, cotton, and wheat production. Native vegetation is mostly grama grasses, little bluestem, sand dropseed, and buffalograss in southern areas. Northern areas also include sand bluestem, switchgrass, indiangrass and sand lovegrass. Sand sagebrush is a common invader.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Rolling Red Plains, Western and Eastern Parts (MLRA 78B, 78C) of Texas and Oklahoma. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hardeman County, Texas; 1966.

REMARKS: Hardeman soils were previously included with the Enterprise series. They were classified in the Regosol great soil group

Edited 11/2013 (RFG-ROG-TGM): Converted to tabular format and added metric measurements. Updated competing series and geographic setting sections.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 in) (Ap horizon)
Cambic horizon - 25 to 163 cm (10 to 64 in) (Bw and Bk horizons)

ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL data from Jackson County, OK (S97OK-065-005)

Taxonomic version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.