LOCATION HARRIET ND+SD
Established Series
CJH
01/2023
HARRIET SERIES
The Harriet series consists of very deep, poorly drained, slowly and very slowly permeable soils that formed in calcareous alluvium. These soils are on low lying flats, terraces, drainageways and bottom lands. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 42 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation is about 16 inches.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, frigid Typic Natraquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Harriet loam - on a slope of less than 1 percent in native grassland. When described the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated)
E--0 to 2 inches; very dark gray (N 3/0) loam, gray (N 5/0) and gray (N 6/0) dry; weak thick and medium platy structure; friable; many fine roots; common fine pores; few salt crystals visible when soil is dry; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
Btn--2 to 6 inches; black (N 2/0) clay loam, dark gray (N 4/0) dry; moderate medium columnar structure; extremely hard, firm; coatings of very dark gray (N 3/0) on faces of peds; gray (N 5/0) dry on tops and sides of columns; slight effervescence on inside of columns; strongly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
Btnz--6 to 18 inches; very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; moderate coarse prismatic and weak medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm; few roots; common medium pores; common fine white salt crystals; strong effervescence; strongly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined Btn horizons 3 to 22 inches thick)
Bz1--18 to 28 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) and light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; weak coarse prismatic structure; very hard, firm; few fine roots; few medium and fine pores; fine salt crystals visible when dry; violent effervescence; strongly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
2Bz2--28 to 38 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) very fine sandy loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) dry; weak coarse prismatic and weak coarse and medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, friable; few fine pores; common very fine salt crystals that are visible when dry; strong effervescence; strongly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 26 inches thick)
3Ab--38 to 40 inches; very dark gray (N 3/0) clay loam, dark gray (N 4/0) dry; few medium distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) redoximorphic concentrations; weak coarse prismatic structure; very hard, firm; few fine roots; strong effervescence; strongly alkaline; abrupt boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
3C--40 to 60 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) stratified loam and clay loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) dry; weak coarse and medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, friable; strong effervescence; strongly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Burleigh County, North Dakota; 20 feet north of road right-of-way and 40 feet west of entrance to Cypert Park; 1650 feet east and 40 feet north of the southwest corner, sec. 34, T. 139 N., R. 79 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Typically, the soil has carbonates and visible salt or gypsum crystals at depths of 4 to 11 inches but they are throughout the soil in some pedons. Some pedons have a dark A horizon 1 to 2 inches thick.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or is neutral, value of 2 to 5 moist and 4 to 7 dry, and chroma of 1 or less. It is loam, silt loam, or very fine sandy loam. It is neutral to moderately alkaline. It is absent in some cultivated pedons.
The Btn horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y or is neutral, value of 2 to 4 moist and 3 to 5 dry, and chroma of 2 or less. It is dominantly clay loam or silty clay loam but the range includes silty clay and clay. It averages between 35 and 50 percent clay. It is slightly alkaline to very strongly alkaline. Some pedons have BC, Bkg, Bky, or Bkz horizons. The B horizon has redoximorphic features in some pedons.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y or 5GY, value of 3 to 5 moist and 4 to 7 dry, and chroma of 1 to 3. Some pedons have a chroma of 4 below a depth of 40 inches. The C horizon typically is stratified and has textures ranging from very fine sandy loam to clay. It is moderately alkaline to very strongly alkaline. Strata of coarser materials are below a depth of 30 inches in some pedons. Some pedons have faint to prominent redoximorphic features in the C horizon. Some pedons have salts and gypsum in the C horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Heil,
Ranslo and
Ryan series. Heil soils do not have salts or carbonates within depths of 12 inches and they are absent in the A, E and upper Btn horizons. Ranslo soils have combined A and E horizons of more than 5 inches thick. Ryan soils average 50 to 60 percent clay in the Btn horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Harriet soils are on level and nearly level, low lying flats, and low terraces and bottom lands along streams. Slopes are 0 to 3 percent. The soils formed in calcareous alluvium. The mean annual air temperature is 34 to 45 degrees F, and the mean annual precipitation is 12 to 20 inches. Most of the precipitation is in the spring and summer.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Farland,
Havrelon,
Korchea,
Lamoure,
La Prairie,
Lehr,
Magnus,
Ranslo,
Wyola,
Shambo,
Straw and
Velva soils. None of these soils, except Ranslo, have natric horizons and all, except Lamoure and Ranslo soils, are better drained. Farland, Lehr, Wyola and Shambo soils are adjacent to Harriet soils on low terraces. Havrelon, Korchea, Lamoure, La Prairie, Magnus, Ranslo, Straw and Velva soils are adjacent to Harriet soils on flood plains and bottom lands.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. Runoff is negligible to medium depending on slope and surface texture. Permeability is slow or very slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Almost all areas of Harriet soils are used for native rangeland or hayland. Native vegetation consists mainly of western wheatgrass, nuttall alkaligrass and inland saltgrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Harriet soils occur in western and central North Dakota and northern South Dakota. They are of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hand County, South Dakota, 1959.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 18 inches (E, Btn1, and Btn2 horizons); natric horizon - the zone from 2 to 18 inches (Btn and Btnz horizons).
Placement of the Harriet soils with the Aquolls seems most appropriate although they do not always meet the morphological requirements of the Aquolls (i.e., redoximorphic features and/or low chroma).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.