LOCATION HIAWATHA MIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, frigid Typic Udipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Hiawatha fine sandy loam - on a 1 percent slope in a forested area. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oe--0 to 5 centimeters; black (5YR 2.5/1) partially decomposed forest litter. (0 to 8 centimeters thick)
A--5 to 15 centimeters; dusky red (2.5YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, weak red (2.5YR 4/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 13 centimeters thick.)
2C1--15 to 38 centimeters; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) fine sand; weak thick platy structure inherent from deposition; very friable; common fine, medium, and coarse roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 38 centimeters thick)
2C2--38 to 64 centimeters; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sand; weak thick platy structure inherent from deposition; very friable; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron accumulations throughout are relic redoximorphic features; few fine roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 51 centimeters thick)
2C3--64 to 140 centimeters; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sand; weak thick platy structure inherent from deposition; few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron accumulations throughout are relic redoximorphic features; few thin strata 1/16 to 1/2 inches of red (2.5YR 4/6) and black (10YR 2/1) organic stains occur at a depth below 114 centimeters; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 89 centimeters thick)
2C4--140 to 203 centimeters; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sand; single grain; loose; few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) iron accumulations; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area 94B Michigan Eastern Upper Peninsula Sandy Drift, Schoolcraft County Michigan Subset; about 3 miles east of Smith Lake; 1,400 feet north and 600 feet east of the southwest corner of Sec. 23, T. 43 N., R. 15 W. .; USGS Smith Lake topographic quadrangle; Manistique Township; lat. 46 degrees 6 minutes 14 seconds N. and long. 86 degrees 9 minutes 16 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to redoximorphic accumulations - 152 to 203 centimeters
Clay content, loamy surface - 7 to 15 percent
A horizon:
Hue - 10R to 5YR
Chroma - 2 to 4
Texture - fine sandy loam or silt loam
Reaction - extremely acid to strongly acid
Bw horizon (when present):
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 5 or 6
Chroma - 5 or 6
Texture - sand or fine sand
Reaction is extremely acid to strongly acid
2C horizon:
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 5 or 6
Chroma - 3 to 6
Texture - fine sand or sand. Thin bands of loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam or mucky analogs occur below 102 centimeters in some pedons.
Reaction - very strongly acid to slightly acid
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Abbeylake,
Cantlin,
Champlain,
Claire,
Corliss,
Danjay (tentative),
Feldtmann,
Friendship,
Mahtomedi,
Menahga,
Nymore,
Plainbo,
Sartell,
Serden,
Shawano, and
Sunday series.
None of these soils allow a loamy red surface layer containing 7 to 15 percent hydrous oxide clays.
Abbeylake, Champlain, Claire, Corliss, Feldtmann, Mahtomedi, Menahga, Nymore, Plainbo, Sartell, Serden, Shawano, and Sunday - do not have water saturation between 152 and 203 centimeters.
Cantlin and Friendship - have water saturation between 107 and 152 centimeters.
Danjay has bedrock at depths of 50 to 100 centimeters.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material - sandy alluvium
Landform - high stream terraces
Slopes - 0 to 6 percent
Mean annual precipitation - 710 to 810 millimeters
Mean annual air temperature - 3 to 5 degrees C.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Deford,
Duck,
Rubicon,
Seney and
Wurtsmith soils.
Deford and Seney - are in depressions and the Typic Psammaquents subgroup.
Duck and Wurtsmith - are on slightly lower landscape positions and in the Oxyaquic Udipsamments subgroup.
Rubicon - are on dunes, or stream bars within the inactive floodplain and on uplands adjacent to the inactive floodplain.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage water saturation ranges from 152 to 203 centimeters below the surface in October, November, March, April, May, and June (well drained).
Surface runoff - low.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity - moderately high or high in the loamy surface and high or very high in the rest of the soil.
USE AND VEGETATION: Nearly all of this soil is forested. Major tree species are sugar maple, red maple, American beech, aspen, balsam fir, red pine, and white pine. Common ground plants include shield fern, wild-lily-of-the-valley, low sweet blueberry, starflower, and bracken fern.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division
--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province
--Central Lowland
Physiographic Section
--Eastern Lake
Land Resource Region
--Northern Lake States Forest and Forage region (LRR K)
Major Land Resource Area
--Michigan Eastern Upper Peninsula Sandy Drift (MLRA 94B)
The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Major Land Resource Area 94B Michigan Eastern Upper Peninsula Sandy Drift; Schoolcraft County Michigan Subset, December 2006. Proposed in Schoolcraft County, Michigan, 2002. Source of name is a township in the Schoolcraft County.
REMARKS: Udic moisture regime.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to S00MI-153-003 for NSSL data on reference pedon. The pedon descriptions supporting this series concept are stored in NASIS.