LOCATION HOLLYBROOK IN

Established Series
Rev. BGN-GRS-TJE
11/2021

HOLLYBROOK SERIES

The Hollybrook series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in loamy soil materials. Hollybrook soils are on reconstructed landforms on mined areas of till plains. Slope ranges from 1 to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1118 mm (44 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 12.2 degrees C (54 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, spolic, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Anthrodensic Udorthents

TYPICAL PEDON: Hollybrook silt loam, on a 4 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 206 meters (675 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm (8 inches); mixed about 90 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and about 10 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) and brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak medium granular structure; friable; many fine roots; 1 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [10 to 25 cm (4 to 10 inches) thick]

A/Cd--20 to 58 cm (8 to 23 inches); mixed about 60 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and about 35 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam, and about 5 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; massive; very firm; 6 mm to 2 cm (1/4 to 1 inch) thick platy clods with horizontal cleavage planes and vertical cracks that are 2 to 8 cm (1 to 3 inches) apart; common very fine roots between clods; very few faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and brown (10YR 5/3) clay films throughout; 1 percent gravel; brittle; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 51 cm (20 inches) thick]

2Cd1--58 to 137 cm (23 to 54 inches); mixed about 85 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), about 10 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4), and about 5 percent gray (10YR 6/1) that consists of about 65 percent clay loam, about 15 percent silt loam, about 10 percent silty clay loam, and about 10 percent loam; massive; extremely firm; 2 to 10 cm (1 to 4 inch) thick clods with horizontal cleavage planes and vertical cracks 8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 inches) apart; few fine flat roots between clods; very few faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and brown (10YR 5/3) clay films throughout; 1 percent gravel; 20 percent dark gray (10YR 4/1) parachanners (shale) mixed into lower 10 cm (4 inches); moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. [76 to 127 cm (30 to 50 inches) thick]

3Cd2--137 to 203 cm (54 to 80 inches); mixed about 90 percent dark gray (10YR 4/1) very parachannery silty clay loam and about 5 percent bodies of clay loam; massive; firm; very few faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and brown (10YR 5/3) clay films throughout; 50 percent parachanners (shale) and 5 percent channers (sandstone and siltstone); neutral.

TYPE LOCATION: Owen County, Indiana; about 6 miles northeast of Clay City; 800 feet east and 1,600 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 13, T. 10 N., R. 6 W.; USGS Clay City, Ind. topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 18 minutes 31 seconds N. and long. 87 degrees 01 minute 57 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 497198 easting and 4351024 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Particle-size control section: averages 20 to 34 percent clay and 5 to 15 percent sand
Organic carbon content: decreases irregularly with depth because of layering and the presence of coal fragments
Other features: The individual layers within the soil are variable in thickness and composition. Most pedons have soil clods with relict horizons from pre-mined soils which are randomly distributed throughout the soil. Many of the soil clods have identifiable properties which include redox features and clay films that are characteristic of the pre-mined soil. The gravel and channers are dominantly very strongly cemented or indurated. These soils were reconstructed with dozers and earth moving pans. They have a series of compacted layers in the AC and C horizons. Tillage after soil grading has generally been restricted to the surface layer. The compacted layers have high bulk density which restricts root penetration and water movement in the soil.

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: silt loam
Structure: weak or moderate, fine or medium, granular or subangular blocky
Rock fragment content: 0 to 3 percent, mainly chert or channers of indurated sandstone, siltstone, or shale
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

A/Cd horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 8
Texture: commonly silt loam and less commonly silty clay loam, with pockets of loam or clay loam in some pedons
Structure: massive platy clods that are 6 mm to 5 cm (1/4 to 2 inches) thick with horizontal cleavage planes and vertical cracks that are 2 to 15 cm (1 to 6 inches) apart
Consistence: very firm or extremely firm, and commonly brittle
Rock fragment content: 1 to 5 percent, mainly chert or channers of indurated sandstone, siltstone, or shale
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

2Cd horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 8
Texture: commonly silt loam or clay loam and less commonly loam or silty clay loam
Structure: massive platy clods that are 12 mm to 15 cm (1/2 to 6 inches) thick with horizontal cleavage planes and vertical cracks that are 5 to 30 cm (2 to 12 inches) apart
Consistence: very firm or extremely firm
Rock fragment content: 1 to 5 percent, mainly chert or channers of indurated sandstone, siltstone or shale; common pockets of soft shale mixed into the lower 10 to 30 cm (4 to 12 inches) in some pedons
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

3Cd horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 8
Texture: dominantly silty clay loam or silty clay or the parachannery or very parachannery analogs of these textures, with strata or pockets of silt loam, loam, or clay loam in some pedons
Consistence: very firm to friable
Rock fragment content: 2 to 14 percent, mainly indurated sandstone, siltstone or shale
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family. Minnehaha series is in a closely related family. Minnehaha soils do not have root and water restrictive dense layers or a perched water table within the series control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hollybrook soils are typically on mined areas of till plains. They are on summits, shoulders, and backslopes of reconstructed landforms. Slope ranges from 1 to 5 percent. The soils formed in loamy soil materials that were excavated and reclaimed during surface mining. The upper 102 to 203 cm (40 to 80 inches) of the regolith is mostly a mixture of loess and loamy material from till of the pre-mined soils. The lower part of the regolith consists mainly of shale with pockets of the subsoil and substratum of the pre-mined soils, and includes sandstone and siltstone rock fragments. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 1016 to 1143 mm (40 to 45 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 11.7 to 13.3 degrees C (53 to 56 degrees F). Frost-free period is 170 to 200 days. Elevation is 183 to 274 meters (600 to 900 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Minnehaha, Nawakwa, and Tapawingo soils in mined areas, and the Ava, Hickory, Shakamak, and Vigo soils on till plains. The somewhat excessively drained Minnehaha soils are on backslopes of spoil hills. The well drained Nawakwa and Tapawingo soils are on similar landform positions as the Hollybrook soils. The moderately well drained Ava and Shakamak soils are on summits, shoulders, and backslopes. The well drained Hickory soils are on backslopes. The Vigo soils are on summits.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Depth to the top of an intermittent perched high water table ranges from 15 to 61 cm (0.5 to 2.0 feet) between December and April in normal years. Potential for surface runoff is medium to very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is low. Permeability is very slow.

USE AND VEGETATION: Hollybrook soils are used mainly for hay or pasture, or for growing corn and soybeans. A few areas have been planted to trees.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 114B in west-central Indiana. The series is of small extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Owen County, Indiana, 1997.

REMARKS: These soils were mapped as reclaimed units of the Fairpoint Series in recently published soil surveys. They mostly result from reclamation procedures adopted since about 1975.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 20 cm (Ap horizon).

03/2020 Updated Taxonomic Class based on Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab data available for typical pedon S94IN119-1 and two additional pedons S94IN119-2 and S94IN119-6 is at the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.