LOCATION HOTSPRINGS NV
Established Series
Rev. WNA/GJS/JBF
03/2017
HOTSPRINGS SERIES
The Hotsprings series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in alluvium from granitic rocks. Hotsprings soils are on alluvial fans and have 0 to 8 percent slopes. The mean annual precipitation is about 230 mm, and the mean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, mesic Xeric Torripsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Hotsprings extremely gravelly coarse sand--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 3 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) extremely gravelly coarse sand, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; single grained; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine and very fine interstitial pores; 60 percent fine gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 25 cm thick)
A2--3 to 10 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly loamy coarse sand, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine roots; few fine and many very fine tubular pores; 25 percent fine gravel; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 25 cm thick)
A3--10 to 23 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly loamy sand, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and very fine roots; few fine, common very fine tubular pores; 25 percent fine gravel; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 25 cm thick)
C1--23 to 38 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly loamy sand, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine roots; few fine, many very fine interstitial and tubular pores; 20 percent fine gravel; few clay bridges between sand grains; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (15 to 30 cm thick)
C2--38 to 74 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly loamy sand, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; few fine and many very fine tubular and interstitial pores; 30 percent fine gravel; few clay bridges between sand grains; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (25 to 50 cm thick)
C3--74 to 152 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly loamy sand, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular, and many very fine interstitial pores; 20 percent fine gravel; neutral (pH 7.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Lyon County, Nevada, in Smith Valley, about 700 feet north and 1,900 feet east of the southwest corner of section 3, T. 11 N., R. 23 E.; USGS Oreana Peak 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 50 minutes 25 seconds N and longitude 119 degrees 23 minutes 47 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.8402778 latitude, -119.3963889 longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually moist in winter and early spring, dry in late spring, summer, and fall; aridic moisture regime bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 10 to 12 degrees C.
Organic carbon content: less than 0.5 percent in the surface 25 cm.
Particle-size control section: Clay content: Averages 2 to 4 percent.
Rock fragments: Average 20 to 35 percent fine gravel.
A horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3.
C horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Texture: Gravelly loamy coarse sand or gravelly loamy sand.
Rock fragments up to 20 percent cobbles and 60 percent gravel in subhorizons below 100 cm in some pedons.
Unconformable lacustrine sediments are below a depth of 100 cm in some pedons in the lower physiographic positions with sandy loam to sandy clay loam and are usually calcareous.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Berent,
Goldrun,
Grandora,
Incy,
Lachim,
Painter,
Quincy,
Quinton,
Rinquin,
Toll,
Walco,
Winchester and
Zorravista series.
Berent soils have slightly or moderately alkaline loamy fine sand particle-size control sections with less than l5 percent gravel and are calcareous in the lower part of the control section.
Lachim,
Painter,
Quinton,
Rinquin and
Walco soils have bedrock within 100 cm.
Goldrun soils have fine sand nongravelly particle-size control sections, and are calcareous from a depth of 43 to 90 cm.
Grandora soils have Bt horizons with clay films.
Incy soils lack gravel and have fine sand particle-size control sections.
Quincy soils have a nongravelly sand to loamy fine sand particle-size control section.
Toll soils have loamy sand nongravelly particle-size control sections.
Winchester soils have nongravelly coarse sand control section and have mineral grains of dominantly dark basaltic particles.
Zorravista soils have a calcareous, moderately alkaline control sections with appreciable amounts of pyroclastic material.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hotsprings soils are on alluvial fans at elevations of 1,340 to 1,585 meters. Slopes are 0 to 8 percent. These soils formed in alluvium mainly from granitic rocks. The climate is cool, semiarid with moist winters and dry summers. The average annual air temperature is 10 to 11 degrees C.; average annual precipitation is 180 to 250 mm; and the frost-free season is ll0 to l20 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Holbrook,
Saralegui, and
Obanion soils. Holbrook soils have coarse-loamy particle-size control section. Obanion soils are poorly drained. Saralegui soils have argillic horizon.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; slow runoff; rapid permeability; high saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland, urban land, and cropland. The present vegetation is primarily big sagebrush, Nevada ephedra, and horsebrush with scattered singleleaf pinyon pine and Utah juniper invasion.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Valleys in western Nevada. These soils are of small extent. MLRA 26.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lyon County Area, Nevada, 1981.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from 0 to 18 cm (A1, A2 and part of the A3 horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (A3, C1, C2 and part of the C3 horizons).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.