LOCATION HUNEWILL                NV

Established Series
Rev. JVC/JBF
03/2017

HUNEWILL SERIES

The Hunewill series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Hunewill soils are on stream terraces, fan remnants, ballenas, and inset fans. Slopes are 0 to 30 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 230 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Xeric Haplargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Hunewill very gravelly sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1--0 to 3 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) very gravelly sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine interstitial pores; 45 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles, and 1 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.6) abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 10 cm thick)

A2--3 to 8 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) very gravelly sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; many fine and very fine vesicular pores; 35 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles, and 1 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 10 cm thick)

Bt1--8 to 33 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly clay loam; dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common medium and fine, many very fine roots; common fine and many very fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 25 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (13 to 30 cm thick)

Bt2--33 to 46 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few medium and fine, common very fine roots; few fine and many very fine interstitial pores; common faint clay bridges between sand grains; 40 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.2); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 20 cm thick)

C--46 to 152 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) extremely gravelly sand, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine and very fine roots; many fine and very fine interstitial pores; 45 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.2).

TYPE LOCATION: Lyon County, Nevada; in the south end of Smith Valley west of Desert Creek; about 750 feet south and 2,700 feet east of the northwest corner of section 29 T. 10 N., R. 24 E.; USGS Desert Creek Ranch 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 42 minutes 18 seconds N and longitude 119 degrees 19 minutes 16 seconds W;
WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.7050000 latitude, -119.3211111 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually moist in winter and spring, dry from June through October; aridic soil moisture regime that borders on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 12 degrees C.
Ochric epipedon thickness: 5 to 15 cm.
Depth to base of argillic horizon: 25 to 50 cm.
Other features: Darker value dry reflect primarily lithochromic colors.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 18 to 27 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent, mainly gravel. Lithology of fragments is mixed rocks such as andesite and granodiorite.

A horizons
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist. When the upper 18 cm of the soil are mixed, the value is 6 dry.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.

Bt1 horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 4 through 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Very gravelly loam, very gravelly sandy clay loam, or very gravelly clay loam.
Clay content: 25 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent.
Reaction: Neutral or slightly alkaline.

Bt2 horizon
Texture: Very gravelly loam or very gravelly sandy loam.
Clay content: 5 to 15 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent.
Reaction: Neutral or slightly alkaline.

C horizon
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Extremely gravelly sand, extremely cobbly sand, or extremely cobbly loamy sand.
Clay content: 0 to 2 percent.
Rock fragments: 60 to 80 percent, rounded gravel and cobbles.
Reaction: Neutral or slightly alkaline.
Other features: Some pedons have few coats of secondary carbonates on the bottoms of larger cobbles.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bairs, Basket, Breko, Chiefrange, Cowgil, Drino, Hefed, Huilepass, Jungo, Kayo, Lithgow, Plush, Schader, Stucky, and Washoe series.

Bairs soils are dominated by stones and cobbles in the particle-size control section and have depth to base of the argillic horizon of 58 to 114 cm. Basket and Chiefrange soils are intermittently moist for 10 to 20 days between July and September due to convection storms. Breko soils are effervescent to the surface and have mean annual soil temperature of 13 to 15 degrees C. Cowgil soils have depth to base of the argillic horizon of 50 to 76 cm. Drino, Lithgow, and Schader soils are moderately deep to lithic contacts. Hefed soils have C horizons with very cobbly textures under the argillic horizon. Huilepass soils are intermittently moist for 10 to 20 days cumulative due to summer convection storms. Jungo soils have 27 to 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section, have horizons with secondary carbonates at depths of 8 to 20 cm from the soil surface, and have depth to base of the argillic horizon of 100 to more than 50 cm. Kayo soils have 13 to 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Plush soils are deep to lithic contacts. Stucky soils have 27 to 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section and have depth to base of the argillic horizon of 50 to 76 cm. Washoe soils have depth to base of the argillic horizon of 61 to 114 cm.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hunewill soils are on stream terraces, fan remnants, ballenas, and inset fans. These soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Slopes are 0 to 30 percent. Elevations range from 1,250 to 2,134 meters. The climate is semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 200 to 250 mm, mean annual temperature is 9 to 11 degrees C. and the frost-free period is 90 to 120 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Stucky soil and the Veta soil. Veta soils have cambic horizons.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; medium through very high surface runoff; high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Hunewill soils are mainly used for livestock grazing, but some small areas are cultivated. The native vegetation is Wyoming big sagebrush, Thurber's needlegrass, Indian ricegrass, and bottlebrush squirreltail. . This pedon is correlated to R026XY016NV, Loamy 8-10 PZ.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western and northeastern Nevada. These soils are moderately extensive. The series concept and main acreage is in MLRA 26, while other acreage occurs in MLRAs 25 and 27.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lyon County Area, Nevada, 1981.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 8 cm (A1 and A2 horizons).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 8 to 46 cm (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 8 to 46 cm (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Other authors and editors include PWB-WNA-RLB.
User pedon ID: 2006NV019002.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.