LOCATION SCHADER                 NV

Established Series
Rev: TM/ET
12/2015

SCHADER SERIES

The Schader series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils on mountains. Schader soilS form in colluvium and residuum from quartzite. Slope ranges from 15 to 50 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 11 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 54 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Xeric Haplargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Schader extremely gravelly sandy loam, rangeland and wildlife habitat. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted). The soil surface is covered by approximately 60 percent pebbles, 10 percent cobbles and 3 percent stones and boulders.

A1--0 to 2 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely gravelly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; weak thick platy structure parting to strong medium granular; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine vesicular and tubular pores; 60 percent pebbles, 5 percent cobbles and 2 percent stones; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt smooth boundary.

A2--2 to 9 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravelly loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium granular; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and common fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; 45 percent pebbles and 5 percent cobbles; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of A horizons is 6 to 11 inches.)

Btk1--9 to 17 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and common fine and medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; few faint and distinct clay films bridging sand grains; 1 percent fine and medium soft masses of calcium carbonate, about half of rock fragments have fine, patchy calcium carbonate pendants; 55 percent pebbles and 5 percent cobbles; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (7 to 16 inches thick)

Btk2--17 to 28 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and few fine through coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 3 percent fine and medium soft masses of calcium carbonate, about half of rock fragments have fine, continuous calcium carbonate pendants; 65 percent pebbles and 15 percent cobbles; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)

R--28 inches; extremely hard, fractured quartzite bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION: Nye County, Nevada; in the Spring Mountains approximately 0.5 miles southeast of Santa Cruz Spring and about 600 feet south and 2200 feet west of the northeast corner of section 4, T. 19 S., R. 54 E.; USGS Horse Springs, NV 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; 36 degrees, 20 minutes, 13.1 seconds north latitude and 115 degrees, 54 minutes, 48.6 seconds west longitude; UTM 11, 597507e, 4021872n; NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil moisture - Usually dry, moist in some part during winter and spring and intermittingly moist in the upper part following summer convection storms; aridic moisture regime boardering on xeric.
Soil temperature - 55 to 59 degrees.
Depth to bedrock - 20 to 40 inches.

Control section - Clay content: 20 to 30 percent.
Rock fragments: Averages 60 to 75 percent, mainly quartzite pebbles.

A horizon - Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry and moist.
Reaction: Mildly alkaline or moderately alkaline.


Btk horizons - Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry and moist.
Texture: Sandy clay loam, loam or clay loam.
Rock fragments: Averages 60 to 75 percent, mainly quartzite gravel; subhorizons range from 45 to 85 percent in some pedons.
Structure: Subangular blocky or massive.
Consistence: Slightly sticky or moderately sticky and slightly plastic or moderately plastic
Calcium carbonate equivalent in the fine earth fraction: 1 to 10 percent.
Effervescence: Moderately through violently effervescent, increasing with depth.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bairs, Breko, Cowgil, Drino, Hefed, Huilepass, Hunewill, Jungo, Kayo, Lithgow, Plush, Stucky and Washoe series. Bairs, Breko, Cowgil, Daint, Hefed, Huilepass, Hunewill, Jungo, Kayo, Stucky and Washoe soils are very deep. Drino soils have Bk horizons and have 35 to 60 percent rock fragments. Lithgow soils average less than 60 percent rock fragments and are noncalcareous throughout. Plush soils are deep to bedrock and lack calcareous Btk horizons.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Schader soils are on mountains. These soils formed in colluvium and residuum from quartzite. Slopes are 15 to 50 percent. Elevations are 5,100 to 7,500 feet. The climate is semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, intermittingly moist summers. The mean annual precipitation is 8 to 12 inches; mean annual temperature is 52 to 57 degrees F., and the frost-free season is 130 to 180 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Cruzspring and Sed soils. Cruzspring soils are shallower than 20 inches to bedrock. They are found at lower elevations and on south facing slopes. Sed soils are moist for longer periods in the summer and do not have calcareous Bt horizons. They have woodland vegetation.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Very high runoff; moderate permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly Wyoming big sagebrush, Sandberg's bluegrass, desert needlegrass, bottlebrush squirreltail and green ephedra.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Nevada in the Spring Mountains; MLRA 30. These soils are not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: PHOENIX, ARIZONA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Nye County, Nevada (Southwest Part), 2001. The name is from nearby Mount Schader.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 7 inches (A1 and part of the A2 horizons).
Argillic horizon - 9 to 28 inches (Btk1 and Btk2 horizons).
Lithic contact - 28 inches(R layer).
Particle size control section: 9 to 28 inches (Btk1 and Btk2 horizons).

Responsibility for this series was transferred from Davis to Phoenix 12/2015. The last revision to the series was 5/2006. ET

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.