LOCATION HALL NE+KS
Established Series
Rev. LGR/JLG
12/2011
HALL SERIES
The Hall series consists of very deep well drained soils that formed in loess or alluvium. These soils are on uplands and stream terraces of Central Nebraska Loess Hills, MLRA 71. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 11 degrees C. (51 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 660 millimeters (26 inches) at the type location.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Pachic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Hall silt loam, with a slope of less than 1 percent, in an irrigated field of cultivated crops. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.) As described on June 1, 1952.
Ap--0 to 13 centimeters (0 to 5 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; slightly acid, abrupt smooth boundary.
A--13 to 33 centimeters (5 to 13 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (The combined A horizon is 33 to 46 (13 to 18 inches) thick.)
Bt1--33 to 41 centimeters (13 to 16 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--41 to 61 centimeters (16 to 24 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; few shiny faces on peds; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt3--61 to 76 centimeters (24 to 30 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; few shiny faces on peds; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (The combined Bt horizon is 25 to 61 centimeters (10 to 24 inches) thick.)
BC--76 to 91 centimeters (30 to 36 inches); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 46 centimeters (0 to 18 inches) thick)
C1--91 to 119 centimeters (36 to 47 inches); light gray (10YR 7/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; soft, very friable; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (20 to 30 centimeters (8 to 12 inches) thick)
2C2--119 to 200 centimeters (47 to 79 inches); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) stratified fine sandy loam, silt loam and silty clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; massive; soft, friable; moderately alkaline; strong effervescence.
TYPE LOCATION: Hall County, Nebraska; 4.8 kilometers (3 miles) southwest of Alda; 610 meter (2000 feet) south and 46 meters (150 feet) east of the northwest corner, sec. 11, T. 10 N., R. 11 W. Grand Island, NE USGS quad, latitude 40 degrees, 51 minutes, 11.6 seconds north; longitude 98 degrees, 26 minutes, 8.29 seconds west. NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature regime: mesic
Soil moisture regime: ustic
Mean annual soil temperature: 11 to 14 degrees C (52 to 57 degrees F)
Mollic epipedon: 50 to 100 centimeters (20 to 39 inches)
Particle size control section (weighted average) clay: 20 to 34 percent
Particle size control section (weighted average) fine sands or coarser: 0 to 14 percent
Depth to the argillic horizon: 30 to 70 centimeters (12 to 28 inches)
Depth to free carbonates: 90 to 150 centimeters (36 to 60 inches) (carbonates are generally associated with the C horizon)
Depth to redoximorphic features: greater than 100 centimeters (39 inches)
A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, loam or silty clay loam
Clay percent: 18 to 35 percent
Sand percent: 1 to 40 percent
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 6 dry, 2 to 5 moist
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silty clay loam or silt loam
Clay content: 20 and 35 percent
Sand percent: 1 to 30 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline
BC horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam, very fine sandy loam, loam, or silty clay loam
Clay percent: 5 to 30 percent
Sand percent: 1 to 70 percent
Reaction: neutral to slightly alkaline
C horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 6 to 8 dry, 5 or 7 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam, very fine sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Clay percent: 5 to 30 percent
Sand percent: 1 to 75 percent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
2C horizon: (If present)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: commonly stratified with silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or sandy loam; in places, this horizon is fine sand
Clay percent: 5 to 30 percent
Sand percent: 1 to 95 percent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Goshen,
Johnstown,
Kinsell,
Kuma,
Lazarus,
Mobridge,
Simpatico and
Zepol soils.
Goshen,
Kinsell,
Kuma,
Lazarus, and Simaptico soils are drier throughout the soil moisture control section (ustic bordering on aridic moisture regime).
Mobridge has a less than 11 degrees C (52 degrees F) soil temperature.
Johnstown soils have coarse sands and gravels in the lower portion of the profile.
Zepol soils have small amounts of volcanic ash in the course silt and fine sand fraction.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loess and alluvium
Landscape: stream terraces and uplands
Slope: 0 to 6 percent
Many of the stream terraces have a component of loess on the surface.
Mean annual precipitation: 510 to 710 millimeters (20 to 28 inches)
Mean annual air temperature: 10 to 13 degrees C. (50 to 55 degrees F.)
Frost free period: 160 to 210 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Detroit,
Hastings,
Holder,
Holdrege,
Hord,
Muir, and Wood River soils.
Detroit,
Hastings and Wood River soils are on similar landform positions and have greater than 35 percent clay in the particle size control section.
Holdrege soils are on similar landform positions and have a dark surface (mollic epipedon) less than 50 centimeters (10 inches) thick.
Holder,
Hord, and
Muir soils are on similar landforms positions and lack an increase in illuvial clay in the particle size control section (an argillic horizon).
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: well
Runoff: low to medium
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: moderately high
USE AND VEGETATION: Nearly all the acreage is in cultivated cropland.
Much of the cropland is irrigated. Corn, grain sorghum, soybeans, and alfalfa are the principal crops. A small acreage is still in native grass, mainly mid and tall species.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Nebraska and possibly north-central Kansas.(LRR H Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range, MLRA 71, Central Nebraska Loess Hills, MLRA 73, Rolling Plains and Breaks, and MLRA 75 Central Loess Plains, LRR M Central Feed Grains and Livestock Region, MLRA 102C Loess Uplands, LRR G Western Great Plains Range and Irrigated Region, MLRA 65 Nebraska Sand Hills.) The series is extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hall County, Nebraska, 1916.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are: Mollic epipedon: 0 to 61 centimeters (0 to 24 inches) (Ap, A, Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Argillic horizon: 33 to 76 centimeters (13 to 30 inches) (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Modified format by LRM in 10/2005 to include metric conversion and change permeability to saturated hydraulic conductivity.
7/2011 JLG
Added soil temperature regime, added mean annul soil temperature, added depth to argillic horizon, added particle size clay and sand in RIC, added sand and clay percent to horizon data in RIC, added quadrangle information, updated competing series, added frost free days, and updated additional laboratory data. Changed precipitation values from centimeters to millimeters.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Data for typical pedon is from the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska; pedon 52NE079003. Additional laboratory data- National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska; pedon 52NE079002, 49NE079010, and 79NE073001. Physical and chemical data for two profiles of Hall soils are given on pages 56-59 of Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 5, "Soil Survey Laboratory Data and Descriptions for Some Soils of Nebraska."
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.