LOCATION HOYLETON                IL

Established Series
Revised JBF-KAG-TJE
09/2022

HOYLETON SERIES

The Hoyleton series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils on till plains. They formed in loess and the underlying pedisediment. Slope ranges from 0 to 7 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1016 millimeters (40 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 12 degrees C (53 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Aquollic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Hoyleton silt loam, on a 2 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 200 meters (655 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) and very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; many very fine roots; few fine distinct spherical black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions and masses with sharp boundaries throughout; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 23 centimeters (6 to 9 inches) thick]

E--20 to 28 centimeters (8 to 11 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; weak thin platy structure; friable; common very fine and few fine roots; common faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) organic stains lining root channels and pores; few fine distinct spherical black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions and masses with sharp boundaries throughout; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. [8 to 30 centimeters (3 to 12 inches) thick]

BEt--28 to 36 centimeters (11 to 14 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; few faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films and few faint very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt coatings on faces of peds; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few fine distinct spherical black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions and masses with sharp boundaries throughout; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 13 centimeters (5 inches) thick]

Bt1--36 to 51 centimeters (14 to 20 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam; strong fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots; many faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films and many prominent very pale brown (10YR 8/2) silt coatings on faces of peds; common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6 and 5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common fine spherical black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions throughout; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2--51 to 84 centimeters (20 to 33 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine and very fine roots; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films lining root channels and pores; common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron and common medium faint light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common fine distinct spherical black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions with sharp boundaries throughout; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 38 to 112 centimeters (15 to 44 inches).]

2Bt3--84 to 99 centimeters (33 to 39 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine and very fine roots; few faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on faces of peds; few faint very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organoargillans lining root channels and pores; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron and common medium faint light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common fine prominent spherical black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions with sharp boundaries throughout; about 10 percent fine sand; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [15 to 76 centimeters (6 to 30 inches) thick]

2BCt--99 to 137 centimeters (39 to 54 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam; massive; friable; few very fine roots; few faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films lining root channels and pores; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and few fine faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common medium faint grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common fine prominent spherical black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions with sharp boundaries throughout; about 15 percent fine sand; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

2Cg--137 to 200 centimeters (54 to 79 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/2) silt loam; massive; friable; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and many medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few fine prominent spherical black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions with sharp boundaries throughout; about 25 percent fine sand; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Shelby County, Illinois; 2,160 feet east and 295 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 15, T. 9 N., R. 5 E.

USGS topographic quadrangle--Shumway, Illinois
Latitude 39.2294733
Longitude -88.6301118
Datum--WGS84
Coordinate source--estimated from GIS layer

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon--greater than 91 centimeters (36 inches)
Depth to carbonates--greater than 152 centimeters (60 inches)
Thickness of the loess--76 to 140 centimeters (30 to 55 inches); contains less than 7 percent fine sand or coarser
Particle-size control section--averages 35 to 45 percent clay

Ap or A horizon--
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--silt loam
Reaction--very strongly acid to moderately acid, except in areas that have been limed that range to neutral

E horizon--
Hue--10YR
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--3 or 4
Texture--silt loam
Reaction--very strongly acid to moderately acid, except in areas that have been limed that range to neutral

BE or Bt horizon--
Hue--5YR to 10YR
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--2 to 4
Texture--silty clay loam or silty clay
Reaction--very strongly acid or strongly acid

2Bt or 2BC horizon--
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 to 4
Texture--silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Rock fragment content--0 to 10 percent

2Cg or 2C horizon--
Hue--7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value--5 or 6
Chroma--1 to 4
Texture--silty clay loam, clay loam, or silt loam
Rock fragment content--0 to 10 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral

COMPETING SERIES:
Sedalia soils have more than 10 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section.
Sunbury soils have carbonates within a depth of 152 centimeters (60 inches).

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Hoyleton soils are on ground moraines on till plains of Illinoian age. Slope ranges from 0 to 7 percent. These soils formed in 76 to 140 centimeters (30 to 55 inches) of loess and the underlying pedisediment. The loess is late Wisconsin age Peoria Loess and underlying material is early Wisconsin age pedisediment or Roxana Silt which overlie a strongly developed Sangamon age paleosol in Illinoian till at depths of about 152 to 213 centimeters (5 to 7 feet).

Mean annual temperature--12 to 14 degrees C (53 to 57 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation--838 to 1118 millimeters (36 to 44 inches)
Frost-free period--175 to 195 days
Elevation--122 to 213 meters (400 to 700 feet) above mean sea level

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Bluford soils have fragic soil properties and a lighter colored surface layer, and are on similar positions nearby or on narrower interfluves that are closer to dissected parts of the till plain.
Cisne and Huey soils are poorly drained and are on lower positions nearby. Also, Huey soils have a natric horizon.
Darmstadt soils have a natric horizon and are on similar positions nearby or are mixed in an intricate pattern with Hoyleton soils on similar positions.
Richview soils are moderately well drained and are on higher or more sloping positions on the till plain.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--somewhat poorly drained
Water table--depth to the top of an apparent water table ranges from 30 to 61 centimeters (1 to 2 feet) between January and May in normal years
Saturated hydraulic conductivity class--moderately high
Permeability class--moderately slow

USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are cropped to corn, soybeans, small grain, or meadow. Native vegetation is prairie grasses and widely spaced trees.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
MLRAs 113 and 114 in southern Illinois. The series is extensive.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Washington County, Illinois, 1927

REMARKS:
Typical Pedon Taxonomic Features--
Ochric epipedon--from the surface to a depth of 28 centimeters (Ap and E horizons)
Argillic horizon--from a depth of 28 to 99 centimeters (BEt, Bt1, Bt2, 2Bt3 horizons)

A bench phase is recognized for soils on structural benches that occur along some major tributaries of the Mississippi River.

Taxonomic Version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Characterization data is available from the NRCS-NSSC Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.