LOCATION INGALLS MI+WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy over loamy, mixed, active, frigid Typic Endoaquods
TYPICAL PEDON: Ingalls fine sand-wooded. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 3 inches; black (N 2/0) fine sand; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium and few coarse roots; strongly acid, abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
E--3 to 11 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sand, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
Bhs--11 to 14 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) fine sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) iron accumulations throughout; common fine and medium roots; small chunks of discontinuous ortstein; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 9 inches thick)
Bs1--14 to 22 inches; reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) fine sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) iron accumulations throughout; few fine and medium roots; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Bs2--22 to 25 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) iron accumulations throughout; few fine roots; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bs horizon is 8 to 25 inches.)
2C--25 to 60 inches; light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) and light gray (5YR 7/1) stratified silt loam and silt; massive; firm; common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) iron accumulations throughout; few fine roots; 2 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Menominee County, Michigan; about 6 miles northeast of Menominee; 4020 feet east and 950 feet north of the southwest corner, sec. 21, T. 33 N., R. 26 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 18 to 40 inches. Depth to free carbonates ranges from 18 to greater than 60 inches. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 10 percent in the pedon.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, or is neutral; value of 2 to 4; and chroma of 0 to 3. It is sand, fine sand, loamy fine sand or loamy sand. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral. pedons have an Ap horizon up to 7 inches thick with similar colors.
The E horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is sand, fine sand, loamy fine sad, or loamy sand. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The Bhs horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR and value and chroma of 2 or 3 or hue of 10YR, and value and chroma of 2. It is sand, fine sand, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand. Reaction is strongly acid or moderately acid.
Where there is no Bhs horizon the Bs1 horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, and value and chroma of 3 or 4. Value and chroma of 3 do not occur together. Reaction is strongly acid or moderately acid.
The Bs2 horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. Value and chroma of 3 do not occur together. Reaction of the Bs2 horizon ranges from strongly acid to neutral. Chunks or tongues of ortstein up to 4 inches in diameter are in some pedons but seldom comprise more than 10 to 15 percent of the B horizons. The Bs horizons are sand, fine sand, loamy fine sand or loamy sand.
Some pedons have a BC horizon with hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. It is sand, fine sand, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
Some pedons have a C horizon that has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 or 4. It is sand, fine sand, loamy fine sand or loamy sad. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The 2C horizon has hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 4. It includes strata of silt, silt loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, very fine sand, loamy very fine sand, or loamy fine sand, with occasional strata of fine sand, sand, silty clay loam, clay, or silty clay in some pedons. Thickness of individual strata ranges from less than 1 inch to 18 inches. reaction of the 2C horizon ranges from moderately acid to moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: There are none. The closely related Iosco soils have an argillic horizon and lack stratification in the 2C horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on lake plains and outwash plains of Wisconsinan Age. Slope gradients typically are 0 to 3 percent but range from 0 to 6 percent. These soils formed in 20 to 40 inches of sandy outwash deposits overlying sandy, loamy, and clayey lacustrine deposits. Mean annual temperature ranges from 41 to 47 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 27 to 33 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Ingalls soils are in the same drainage sequence with the well drained or moderately well drained Ocqueoc soils in higher landscape positions and the poorly drained Burleigh soils in lower landscape positions. The somewhat excessively drained Kalkaska and excessively drained Rubicon soils are associated sandy soils on uplands. The somewhat poorly drained Au Gres and Brimley soils are associated soils on similar landscape positions. The Au Gres soil is sandy throughout and the Brimley soil is loamy throughout.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The apparent seasonal high water table fluctuates from 0.5 feet to 1.5 feet below the surface at times during the period from November to May. Runoff is negligible to very low. Permeability is rapid in the solum and moderately slow in the substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Cleared areas are used for small grains, hay, pasture, or truck crops. Wooded areas are in red maple, sugar maple, yellow birch, paper birch, aspen, eastern hemlock, balsam fir, and northern whitecedar.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Upper Peninsula of Michigan, northern lower Michigan, and northern Wisconsin. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Menominee County, Michigan, 1925.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to 3 inches (A horizon)
albic horizon - the zone from 3 to 11 inches (E horizon)
spodic horizon - the zone from 11 to 14 inches (Bhs horizon)
aquic soil moisture regime
redoximorphic features in the zone from 11 to 14 inches (Bhs horizon).