LOCATION IVANELL MTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Aridic Haplustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Ivanell clay loam in grassland (colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).
E--0 to 3 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; moderate very thin platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 5 inches thick)
Bt--3 to 7 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and fine angular blocky; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; many very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; continuous faint thin clay films on faces of peds and in pores; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick)
Btk--7 to 9 inches; light brownish gray silty clay loam (2.5Y 6/2) light yellowish brown (2.5Y 5/4) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds; strongly effervescent; few fine masses of lime; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
Bk--9 to 22 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure; very hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; common fine masses of lime; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 21 inches thick)
BC--22 to 37 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; massive; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine pores; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
Cr--37 to 60 inches; semiconsolidated shale that crushes to silty clay loam; few very fine roots in cracks; common fine masses of gypsum; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Rosebud County, Montana; 1,500 feet east and 1,000 feet south of the NW corner of sec. 32, T. 9 N., R. 38 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature - 41 to 47 degrees F.
Moisture control section - between 4 and 12 inches, dry in all parts between four-tenths and five-tenths of the cumulative days per year when the soil temperature at a depth of 20 inches is 41 degrees F or higher.
Depth to Bk horizon - 6 to 12 inches.
Depth to Cr horizon - 20 to 40 inches, mainly 25 to 40 inches.
A Bz horizon is allowed.
E horizon - Hue: 2.5Y or 10YR
Value: 5, 6, or 7 dry; 3, 4, or 5 moist
Texture: loam or silt loam, mixed to 7 inches it is a clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 25 percent
Reaction: pH 6.6 to 7.8
Bt horizon - Hue: 2.5Y or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, or 4
Texture: silty clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 35 percent
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 8.4
Bk or Btk horizon - Hue: 2.5Y or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, or 4
Texture: silty clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 35 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Electrical conductivity: 0 to 4 mmhos/cm
SAR: 5 to 15
Reaction: pH 7.9 to 9.0
BC horizon - Hue: 2.5Y or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 4
Texture: silty clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 35 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Electrical conductivity: 8 to 16 mmhos/cm
SAR: 10 to 25
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 9.0
Cr horizon - semiconsolidated shale that crushed to silty clay loam or clay loam
Estimated electrical conductivity: 8 to 16 mmhos/cm
Estimated sodium absorption ratio: 10 to 25
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 8.4
COMPETING SERIES:
Davidell (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact of semiconsolidated shale at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
Debs (MN) - does not have a paralithic contact of semiconsolidated shale at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
Virkula (SD) - does not have a paralithic contact of semiconsolidated shale at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
Winterridge (UT) - does not have a paralithic contact of semiconsolidated shale at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform - sedimentary plains.
Elevation - 2,200 to 3,500 feet.
Slope- 0 to 15 percent.
Parent material - semiconsolidated shale or semiconsolidated interbedded shale and siltstone.
Climate - long, cold winters; moist springs; warm summers.
Mean annual precipitation - 10 to 14 inches.
Mean annual temperature - 39 to 45 degrees F.
Frost-free period - 100 to 135 days.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Ivanell soils are used mainly for range. The potential native vegetation is western wheatgrass, needleandthread, forbs, and shrubs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Ivanell soils are of moderate extent in southeastern Montana.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Rosebud County, Montana, 1985.
REMARKS: Soil interpretation record: MT0589. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: an ochric epipedon from the soil surface to 3 inches (E horizon); an argillic horizon from 3 to 7 inches (Bt horizon); accumulations of secondary calcium carbonate from 7 to 22 inches (Btk, Bk horizons); a paralithic contact of semiconsolidated shale at 37 inches (Cr horizon). Ivanell soils have a frigid temperature regime and an ustic moisture regime bordering on aridic.