LOCATION JUVA                    NV

Established Series
Rev. ELS-CRS-JVC
05/2016

JUVA SERIES

The Juva series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Juva soils are on fan skirts, basin-floor remnants, and alluvial fans. Slopes are 0 to 4 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 125 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 11 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Typic Torrifluvents

TYPICAL PEDON: Juva sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1--0 to 5 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak medium platy structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine roots; many fine interstitial and tubular pores; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 15 cm thick)

A2--5 to 15 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium platy; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; many medium vesicular and tubular pores; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 20 cm thick)

C1--15 to 33 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic and moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine roots; many fine and medium tubular pores; 2 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 20 cm thick)

C2--33 to 64 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine roots; many fine and medium tubular pores; 2 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 50 cm thick)

C3--64 to 86 cm; stratified grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy sand and very gravelly coarse sand, and light gray (10YR 7/2) very fine sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), and brown (10YR 5/3) moist; single grain and massive; loose and slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine roots; many fine interstitial and tubular pores; 55 percent gravel in the very gravelly coarse sand layer; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.5); abrupt wavy boundary. (10 to 30 cm thick)

C4--86 to 97 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; strong medium platy structure; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine roots along plate surfaces; few fine tubular pores; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 76 cm thick)

C5--97 to 157 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and light gray (10YR 7/2) stratified gravelly sand, fine sand, sandy loam, and very fine sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and brown (10YR 5/3) moist; single grain and massive; loose and slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine roots; many fine interstitial pores; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6).

TYPE LOCATION: Lyon County, Nevada; about 1 mile south of Fernley on Alternate U.S. 95 and 0.25 mile east on Cottonwood Lane; approximately 250 feet south and 100 feet east of the northwest corner of section 24, T. 20 N., R. 24 E.; USGS Fernley East 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 39 degrees 35 minutes 31.7 seconds N and longitude 119 degrees 14 minutes 44.6 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 39.5923333 latitude, -119.245833 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist in some part for short periods during the winter and early spring and dry from May to November; typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 12 to 14 degrees C.
Organic matter content: Less than 1 percent and decreases irregularly with depth.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline through strongly alkaline.
Sodicity (Exchangeable sodium): 15 to 30 percent; (SAR): 0 to 13.
Other features - Some pedons have thin (less than 13 cm thick) discontinuous strata of silt loam.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 5 to 15 percent.
Rock fragments: Averages less than 35 percent, mainly gravel.

A horizons
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent to violently effervescent.

C horizons
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Stratified coarse sand to loam and averages sandy loam or fine sandy loam; textures may be modified by gravel or cobbles.
Structure: Single grain, platy, subangular blocky, or it is massive.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent to violently effervescent.
Carbonates: Dominantly disseminated but carbonate coats on rock fragments are common.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Cirac, Eghelm, Gilco, Glenton, Ives, Neskahi, Thoroughfare, and Yelives series.

Cirac soils are moist for 10 to 20 days cumulative in the summer. Eghelm soils have mean annual soil temperature of 8 to 11 degrees C. and have exchangeable sodium percentage of less than 15 and SAR of less than 13. Gilco and Glenton soils have less than 15 percent exchangeable sodium in the control section. Ives soils have hue of 7.5YR or 5YR. Neskahi and Thoroughfare soils have hue of 5YR or 2.5YR. Yelives soils have SAR of less than 4 and are intermittently moist in some part between July and October.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Juva soils are on fan skirts, basin-floor remnants, and alluvial fans. These soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Slopes are 0 to 4 percent. Elevations range from 1,219 to 1,372 meters. The climate is arid with cool, moist winters and hot, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 100 to 200 mm, the mean annual temperature is 10 to 13 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 110 to 140 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bluewing, Slaw, and Swingler soils. Bluewing soils are sandy-skeletal. Slaw and Swingler soils are fine-silty.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Juva soils are used primarily for rangeland, but some areas are irrigated where water is available. The native vegetation is mainly Bailey's greasewood, shadscale, bud sagebrush, spiny hopsage, and Indian ricegrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Nevada. These soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 27.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lyon County (Fallon-Fernley Area), Nevada, 1971.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A1, A2 and part of the C1 horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (C2, C3, C4 and parts of the C1 and C5 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.