LOCATION KAMMS WY
Tentative Series
IRD. DEW-JCK
12/2022
KAMMS SERIES
The Kamms series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium or colluvium. The Kamms soils are on fan remnants and stream terraces. Slopes range from 0 to 15 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 309 mm, and the mean annual air temperature is about 7 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Ustic Haplocalcids
TYPICAL PEDON: Kamms fine sandy loam, 1 percent slope in rangeland at an elevation of 1,563 meters (colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).
A1--0 to 3 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak coarse platy structure parting to weak fine granular; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine roots; common very fine vesicular pores; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline, (pH 8.2); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 7 cm thick)
A2--3 to 10 cm; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium granular; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; common very fine dendritic tubular pores; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline, (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 7 cm thick)
Bk1--10 to 23 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 20 percent threadlike calcium carbonate masses in the matrix; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 30 cm thick)
Bk2--23 to 51 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) fine sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 30 percent threadlike calcium carbonate masses in the matrix and 17 percent calcium carbonate nodules around rock fragments; 16 percent gravel; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); gradual smooth boundary. (25 to 65 cm thick)
BCk1--51 to 94 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) very gravelly sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; massive; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 35 percent calcium carbonate nodules around rock fragments; 38 percent gravel; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); diffuse wavy boundary. (13 to 43 cm thick)
BCk2--94 to 152 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) extremely gravelly sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; massive; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 28 percent calcium carbonate nodules around rock fragments; 68 percent gravel; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Park County, Wyoming; 165 meters north and 156 meters west of the southeast corner of section 16, T. 55 N., R. 101 E.; Eaglenest Basin USGS quadrangle; latitude 44 degrees 44 minutes 23.0 seconds N. and longitude 109 degrees 1 minutes 9.0 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature - 8 to 10 degrees C
Particle-size control section (weighted average) - more than 50% fine sand or coarser sand
Notes: The Bk horizons contain more than 50% (by weight) fine sand or coarser sand.
A horizons
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 4, 5 or 6 dry; 3, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2, 3 or 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or loamy sand
Clay content: 6 to 16 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent gravel
Reaction: pH 7.6 to 8.2
Bk1 horizon
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 5, 6, 7 or 8 dry; 4, 5, 6 or 7 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or loamy sand
Clay content: 5 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 20 percent
Reaction: pH 8.0 to 8.6
Bk2 horizon
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 5, 6, 7 or 8 dry; 4, 5, 6 or 7 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or loamy sand
Clay content: 5 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 20 percent
Reaction: pH 8.0 to 8.6
BCk horizons
Hue: 10YR to 2.5Y
Value: 6, 7 or 8 dry; 4, 5, 6 or 7 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6
Texture: sandy loam, loamy sand, and sand
Clay content: 4 to 15 percent
Rock Fragments: 25 to 70 percent--25 to 70 percent gravel; 0 to 15 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 20 to 40 percent
Reaction: pH 8.2 to 9.0
COMPETING SERIES:
Abracon (UT) - have more than 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section
ThumbRock (UT) - have a lithic contact at depths of 50 to 100 cm; have hue redder than 10YR
Chroder (CO) - have a cambic horizon; have hue redder than 10YR
Chugcity (WY) - have a paralithic contact at depths of 50 to 100 cm
Chupadera (NM) - have a lithic contact at depths of 50 to 100 cm
Cobbra (UT) - have more than 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Harvey (NM) - have more than 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section; have hue redder than 10YR
Kaiar (UT) - have a cambic horizon; have a lithic contact at depths of 50 to 100 cm
Milok (UT) - have a cambic horizon; have hue redder than 10YR
Mivida (UT) - have a cambic horizon; have hue redder than 10YR
Nala (NM) - have a lithologic discontinuity; have more than 15 percent rock fragments throughout the soil profile
Sazi (UT) - have a lithic contact at depths of 50 to 100 cm; have hue redder than 10YR
Ralstonflats (WY) - have less than 15% rock fragments throughout the soil profile
Smithpond (UT) - have a cambic horizon
Yattle (CO) - have a cambic horizon; have hue redder than 10YR
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform - fan remnants and stream terraces
Elevation - 1,100 to 1,700 meters
Slope - 0 to 15 percent slopes
Parent material - alluvium or colluvium
Mean annual precipitation - 250 to 360 mm
Mean annual air temperature - 6 to 8 degrees C
Frost-free period - 110 to 150 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: None listed.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: well drained; moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Kamms soils are generally used as native rangeland; however, they may be cultivated and irrigated to produce alfalfa hay, barley, sugar beets, corn, silage, or beans. Principal native plants are bluebunch wheatgrass, needleandthread, Indian ricegrass, bottlebrush squirreltail, thickspike wheatgrass and Wyoming big sagebrush. As this site deteriorates blue grama, threadleaf sedge, threeawn and prickly pear cactus become the dominant vegetation.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Kamms soils are of small extent in northwestern Wyoming. MLRA 32.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES PROPOSED: Park County Area, Wyoming, Eastern Part, 2014. The original series concept (Asherton) was developed in 1977. The named is coined.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - from 0 to 10 cm (A1 and A2 horizons)
Calcic horizon - from 10 to 152 cm (Bk1, Bk2, BCk1, and BCk2 horizons)
Particle-size control section - from 25 to 100 cm (part of the Bk2, BCk1, and BCk2 horizons)
Kamms soils have a mesic temperature regime and an aridic moisture regime bordering on ustic.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory - 79P0214.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.