LOCATION KAMRAR IA+MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Kamrar silty clay loam, on a convex slope of about 4 percent, in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 18 centimeters (7 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--18 to 38 centimeters (7 to 15 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the A horizons is 25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches).]
Bw1--38 to 53 centimeters (15 to 21 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate fine prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; firm; common distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coats on faces of peds; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bw2--53 to 81 centimeters (21 to 32 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate fine prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; firm; common distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) organic coats on faces of peds; few fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions; about 1 percent pebbles in lower part of horizon; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the B horizon is 30 to 76 centimeters (12 to 30 inches).]
2Bk1--81 to 107 centimeters (32 to 42 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; common distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) organic coats on faces of peds; few fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions; common fine and medium prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) threads and masses of lime; about 3 percent pebbles; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
2Bk2--107 to 137 centimeters (42 to 54 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure; firm; common fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions; common fine and medium prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) threads and masses of lime; about 3 percent pebbles; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations and common fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2B horizon is 36 to 76 centimeters (14 to 30 inches).]
2C--137 to 203 centimeters (54 to 80 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; massive; friable; few fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions; few medium prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) masses of lime; about 4 percent pebbles; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) redoximorphic concentrations and common fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Webster County, Iowa; located about 652 meters (2,140 feet) west and 372 meters (1,220 feet) north of the southeast corner of section 12, T. 86 N., R. 27 W; USGS Stratford topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 16 minutes 12 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 56 minutes 31 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the upper mantle and depth to carbonates--61 to 102 centimeters (24 to 40 inches)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon--25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches)
Clay content of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--35 to 42 percent
Sand content of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--15 to 40 percent
Ap or A horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content--35 to 50 percent
Sand content--15 to 40 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
Coarse fragments--0 to 5 percent small flat shale fragments
AB or BA horizons (when present):
Hue--10YR
Value--3
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content--35 to 50 percent
Sand content--15 to 40 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
Coarse fragments--0 to 5 percent small flat shale fragments
Bt or Bw horizons:
Hue--10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--3 to 6
Texture--clay loam, clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam
Clay content--35 to 50 percent
Sand content--15 to 40 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
Coarse fragments--0 to 5 percent small flat shale fragments
2Bk horizon:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--2 to 6
Texture--loam or clay loam
Clay content--20 to 30 percent
Sand content--30 to 45 percent
Reaction--slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Calcium carbonate equivalent--15 to 25 percent
Moist bulk density--1.40 to 1.6 g/cc
Coarse fragment content2 to 8 percent
2BC and 2C horizons:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--2 to 6
Texture--loam or clay loam
Clay content--20 to 30 percent
Sand content--30 to 45 percent
Reaction--slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Calcium carbonate equivalent--10 to 20 percent
Moist bulk density--1.40 to 1.6 g/cc
Coarse fragment content2 to 8 percent
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--24 to 40 inches of glacio-fluvial or lacustrine sediments and the underlying glacial till
Landform--convex knobs and linear side slopes on glacial moraines
Slope--1 to 18 percent
Elevation--244 to 457 meters (800 to 1,500 feet) above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--7 to 9 degrees C (45 to 49 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation--66 to 81 centimeters (26 to 32 inches)
Frost free period--145 to 170 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Members of the typical catena include
Guckeen,
Marna, and
Okoboji soils.
Guckeen soils are on less sloping areas and are saturated in the upper third of the series control section
Marna soils are in swales and flats and are saturated throughout the series control section
Okoboji soils are in depressions and are saturated throughout the series control section
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--moderately well drained--a zone of saturation occurs at depths of .4 to 1 meter (2 to 3.5 feet) during the months of March to June in years of normal precipitation
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--moderately high
Surface runoff potential--low to medium
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, and legume hay. The native vegetation is big bluestem, little bluestem, switchgrass, and other grasses of the tall grass prairie.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic section--Western lake section
MLRA 103, Central Iowa and Minnesota Till Prairies
Extent--North-central Iowa and southern Minnesota. These soils are of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Webster County, Iowa, 1969.
REMARKS: The drainage class was changed to moderately well due to the presence of redoximorphic features above a depth of 100 centimeters (40 inches). The Guckeen series was changed to being only somewhat poorly drained.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
Particle-size control section--the zone from 25 to 100 centimeters (10 to 40 inches);
Series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 150 centimeters (59 inches).
Mollic epipedon--the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of approximately 38 centimeters (15 inches) (Ap and A horizons);
Cambic horizon--the zone from 38 to 137 centimeters (15 to 54 inches) (Bw1, Bw2, 2Bk1, and 2Bk2 horizons);
Udic moisture regime.
Oxyaquic subgroup based on redox features and iron and manganese concretions above a depth of 100 centimeters (40 inches).
Some pedons may have clay films or pressure faces in the B horizon but do not meet the requirements of an argillic horizon.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to NSSL pedon numbers 64IA079001 and 64IA079002 for lab results of representative pedons.