LOCATION KIAKUS WA
Established Series
Rev. JDC/TLA/RJE/RWL
09/2019
KIAKUS SERIES
Landscape--plateaus
Landform--benches, canyon breaks, mounds on terraces
Slope--2 to 60 percent
Parent material--colluvium and residuum derived from basalt mixed with loess
Mean annual precipitation--about 560 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 8 degrees C
Depth class--moderately deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--mesic
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Pachic Ultic Argixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Kiakus silt loam in an area of rangeland, on a 13-percent, south-facing slope at an elevation of 660 m
A1--0 to 10 cm; silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear smooth boundary
A2--10 to 28 cm; silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores and common very fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual wavy boundary
Bt1--28 to 71 cm; silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/3) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few distinct clay films in pores and on ped faces; few very fine roots; few very fine irregular and tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual wavy boundary
Bt2--71 to 84 cm; gravelly clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/3) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few distinct clay films in pores and on ped faces; few very fine roots; few very fine irregular and tubular pores; 20 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); abrupt wavy boundary
2R--84 inches; basalt
TYPE LOCATION: Klickitat County, Washington, about 21 km northwest of Goldendale; about 400 m north and 610 m east of the southwest corner of section 5, T. 5 N., R. 14 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--8 to 10 degrees C
Moisture control section--dry in all parts 60 to 90 consecutive days within the 4 months following summer solstice in 6 years or more out of 10 years
Depth to lithic contact--50 to 100 cm
Particle-size control section--averages 18 to 35 percent clay and 5 to 15 percent gravel
Thickness of mollic epipedon--50 to 100 cm
A horizon
Hue--5YR to 10YR
Value--4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--1 to 4 dry, 1 to 3 moist
Combined thickness--15 to 41 cm
Bt horizon
Hue--5YR to 10YR
Value--4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--3 or 4 dry or moist
Texture--silty clay loam, clay loam, loam, gravelly clay loam
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3
Combined thickness--30 to 71 cm
COMPETING SERIES:
Aptos--50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a paralithic contact (sandstone)
Buckeye--mean annual soil temperature of 11 to 13 degrees C; 50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a lithic contact (greenstone)
Campfour,
Cartwright,
Hyprairie,
Newlig,
Swalecreek,
Yaxing--no lithic contact within a depth of more than 150 cm
Elmore--100 to 150 cm (deep) to a lithic contact (rhyolite)
Lauby--100 to 150 cm or more (deep, very deep) to a paralithic contact; dry 45 to 60 consecutive days
Mouser--no lithic contact within a depth of more than 150 cm
Nisene--100 to 150 cm (deep) to a paralithic contact (sandstone, shale); mean annual soil temperature of 13 to 14 degrees C
Paragon--50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a paralithic contact (andesite)
Roseburg--no lithic contact within a depth of more than 150 cm; mean annual soil temperature of 11 to 14 degrees C
Rudo--100 to 150 cm (deep) to a paralithic contact (schist)
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--240 to 1275 m
Climate--warm, dry summers; cool, moist winters
Mean annual precipitation--460 to 640 mm
Mean January air temperature--about -3 degrees C
Mean July air temperature--about 18 degrees C
Mean annual air temperature--about 8 to 9 degrees C
Frost-free season--100 to 150 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Gunn--no mollic epipedon; on plateaus and canyon side slopes
Itat--no mollic epipedon; loamy-skeletal particle-size class; on plateaus and canyon side slopes
Munset--no mollic epipedon
Leidl--loamy-skeletal particle-size class; on plateaus and canyon side slopes
Rockly--10 to 30 cm (very shallow, shallow) to a lithic contact (basalt)
Rockly--on plateaus and canyon side slopes
Munset--in depressions
Wahoo--on canyon breaks and plateaus; 25 to 50 cm (shallow) to a lithic contact (basalt)
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--livestock grazing, wildlife habitat
Vegetation--mainly bluebunch wheatgrass, Idaho fescue, Sandberg bluegrass, Lemmon's needlegrass, and hawksbeard; Oregon oak, scattered ponderosa pine, Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, arrowleaf balsamroot, Columbia milkvetch, and violet in areas of the high precipitation phase; ponderosa pine, bluebunch wheatgrass, antelope bitterbrush, and arrowleaf balsamroot in areas of the high elevation phase
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and south-central, Washington; MLRAs 6 and 8; small extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Douglas County, Washington; 1998
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Mollic epipedon--zone from 25 to 84 cm
*Argillic horizon--zone from 28 to 84 cm
*Depth to lithic contact--84 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 28 to 79 cm
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.