LOCATION KUMLA                   AK

Established Series
SAS
05/2022

KUMLA SERIES

The Kumla series consists of moderately deep, poorly drained soils formed in organic material over coarse loamy cryoturbate and eolian deposits on talfs of plains. Slopes range from 1 to 6 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 840 millimeters and the mean annual air temperature is about 0.6 degree C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Dysic, subgelic Typic Folistels

TYPICAL PEDON: Kumla peat, located on a plain talf with a slope of 2 percent and elevation of 98 meters; when described on August 22nd, 2010 the soil was saturated at 42 cm (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted)

Oi--0 to 44 cm; slightly decomposed plant material; nonsticky, nonplastic; many very fine roots, common fine roots, and common medium roots; extremely acid (pH 4.4); clear smooth boundary

Ajj--44 to 76 cm; very dark brown (7.5YR 2.5/3) stratified highly organic sandy loam; 55 percent sand; 40 percent silt; 5 percent clay; weak medium granular structure; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common very fine roots; strongly acid (pH 5.3); clear wavy boundary

ACf--76 to 183 cm; very dark brown (7.5YR 2.5/2) permanently frozen silt loam; 20 percent sand; 75 percent silt; 5 percent clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very firm, nonsticky, nonplastic; strongly acid (pH 5.3)

TYPE LOCATION: Dillingham Census Area, Alaska; 2 kilometers southwest of the Village of New Stuyahok; 59.4361111 degrees north latitude and 157.340000 degrees west longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature - About -1.1 degree C (gelic soil temperature regime)
Soil moisture control section - Soil is moist above 44 cm during growing season in most years and the soil temperature is -1.1 degrees C (udic soil moisture regime)
Thickness of folistic epipedon - 42 to 50 cm
Thickness of fibric soil materials - 42 to 50 cm
Depth to gelic materials - 42 to 50 cm
Depth to aquic conditions - 42 to 50 cm
Depth to permafrost - 61 to 80 cm

All mineral horizons-
Reaction - 4.6 to 6.2

Particle-size control section-
Clay content - 4 to 8 percent
Rock fragments - 0 percent

Oi horizon
Thickness - 42 to 50 cm
Organic matter content - 60 to 95 percent
Sodium pyrophosphate color - 10YR 8/1, 10YR 8/2, or 10YR 8/3
Volume of unrubbed fibers - 92 to 98 percent
Volume of rubbed fibers - 74 to 80 percent

Ajj horizon
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 2 to 4
Chroma - 1 to 4
Fine earth texture - Silt loam, highly organic silt loam, or stratified highly organic sandy loam
Clay content - 4 to 8 percent
Reaction - 4.6 to 5.5
Rock fragments - 0 percent
Thickness - 19 to 31 cm

ACf (or Cf) horizon
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 2.5 or 3
Chroma -2
Fine earth texture - Permanently frozen silt loam or permanently frozen silt
Clay content - 5 to 7 percent
Reaction - 5.0 to 6.2
Rock fragments - 0 percent
Thickness - 103 to 122 cm

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material - Mossy organic material over coarse-loamy cryoturbate over coarse-loamy eolian deposits
Landform - Plain talfs
Slope - 1 to 6 percent
Elevation - 34 to 108 meters
Climate - Short, cool summers; long, cold winters
Mean annual precipitation - 684 to 881 mm
Mean annual air temperature - 0.2 to 0.7 degrees C
Frost free duration - 85 to 140 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Ekwok - No folistic epipedon or aquic conditions present, hills and rises on plains
Klutuk - No folistic epipedon or aquic conditions present, hills and rises on plains
Egtuk - No folistic epipedon, moderately well drained, similar landform position
Pellernarquq - No folistic epipedon present, dips and talfs on plains

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: (Ksat)
Drainage class - Poorly drained
Saturation in normal years - At 44 cm for much of the growing season
Flooding - None
Ponding - None
Ksat - Very low in the permafrost, moderately high to high in the cryoturbate, and high to very high in the organic layer

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use - Wildlife habitat and berry picking
Potential natural vegetation - Western Maritime scrubland composed of marsh Labrador tea, dwarf birch, bog blueberry, lingonberry, reindeer lichen, and snow lichen

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Bristol Bay Lowlands; MLRA 236; small extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: WASILLA, ALASKA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Nushagak-Mulchatna Watershed Soil Survey, Dillingham Census Area, Alaska, 2019

REMARKS:
Particle-size control section - 0 to 130 cm
Soil moisture regime - Udic
Folistic epipedon
Fibric soil materials - Oi horizon
Aquic conditions - Ajj horizon
Gelic materials Ajj and ACf horizons
Cryoturbation - Ajj horizon

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.