LOCATION LAKETON WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Vitrandic Haploxerepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Laketon ashy silt loam. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi and Oe--0 to 1 inch; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist, partially decomposed litter of pine needles, leaves, twigs, bark, and cones; abrupt smooth bundary.
E--1 to 3 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) ashy silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.5); abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 13 inches thick)
BA--3 to 9 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) ashy silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; many very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
2Bw1--9 to 17 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and very fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); clear wavy boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
2Bw2--17 to 28 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and very fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); clear wavy boundary. (6 to 11 inches thick)
2C1--28 to 38 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) silty clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; massive; very hard, very firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; few discontinuous distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist, silty clay bands 10 to 20 mm thick; neutral (pH 6.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
2C2--38 to 60 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; massive; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few roots; common very fine irregular pores; neutral (pH 6.6).
TYPE LOCATION: Stevens County, Washington; 1,900 feet south and 1,650 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 29, T.28N., R.39E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to stratified lake sediments is 18 to 36 inches. of the upper 7 to 13 inches has an estimated moist bulk density of 1.10 to 1.50 g/cc, volcanic glass content of greater than 60 percent, acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half of the acid-oxalate extractable iron of 0.4 to 1.0 percent and 15-bar water retention of 5 to 10 percent for air dried samples.. These soils are usually moist, but are dry in all parts between depths of 4 and 12 inches for 45 to 60 consecutive days following the summer solstice. The mean annual soil temperature is 47 to 52 degrees F. The particle-size control section has 0 to 5 percent gravel. The soil is slightly acid or neutral.
The E horizon has value of 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist and chroma of 1 to 3 moist and dry. An Ap horizon may be present where the soil is cultivated.
The 2Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 6 or 7 dry, 3 to 5 moist and chroma of 3 or 4 moist and dry. It is ashy very fine sandy loam or ashy silt loam.
The 2C horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 5 to 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist and chroma of 2 or 3 moist and dry. It is stratified silt loam, silty clay loam and clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Cedonia series. Cedonia soils are dry in all parts for 60 to 75 consecutive days following the summer solstice and have Bk horizons with carbonate accumulation.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Laketon soils are on terraces at elevations of 1,800 to 2,500 feet. Slopes are 0 to 20 percent. These soils formed in lake sediments with a mantle of volcanic ash and loess. The climate is temperate continental with dry summers and cool moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 18 to 26 inches. The average January temperature is 24 degrees F. and the average July temperature is 66 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 45 to 50 degrees F. The frost-free period is 100 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bonner and Clayton soils. Bonner soils are ashy over loamy-skeletal and are on terraces. Clayton soils are coarse-loamy and are on adjacent higher terraces.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained, medium or slow runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Cleared areas are used for alfalfa, wheat, barley, and oats. Uncleared areas are used for woodland and grazed woodland. Native vegetation is Douglas-fir, western larch, ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, white pine, aspen, Oregon-grape, pinegrass and strawberry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Washington; MLRA 43. This series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Spokane County, Washington, 1964.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
Ochric epipedon the zone from 1 to 9 inches
Cambic horizon the zone from 9 to 28 inches (2Bw1 and 2Bw2 horizon)
Andic soil properties the zone from 1 to 9 inches
Particle-size control section the zone from 11 to 41 inches
Further investigation needed to determine if isotic mineralogy applies. The type location for Laketon has been moved to Stevens County, Washington to better reflect the modal site after thorough review of the mapping concept and revisiting the original type location in Spokane County. The Laketon series has been correlated to the Lakespring series in Spokane County, Washington.