LOCATION LAPON NV
Established Series
Rev. WMA/RLB/JBF
03/2017
LAPON SERIES
The Lapon series consists of very shallow, well drained soils that formed in residuum and colluvium from basic igneous rocks with a component of ashy loess. These soils are on plateaus, hill and mountain terraces and upper side slopes. Slopes are 4 to 75 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 10 degrees C and the mean annual precipitation is about 200 mm.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic, shallow Xeric Argidurids
TYPICAL PEDON: Lapon extremely cobbly loam, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The surface is covered with about 40 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles and 10 percent stones.
A--0 to 5 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) extremely cobbly loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak medium and thin platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine and very fine vesicular pores; 40 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 7.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 10 cm thick)
Bt1--5 to 8 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) very gravelly clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few fine and many very fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and surfaces of pores; 40 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 10 cm thick)
Bt2--8 to 18 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few medium, and common fine and very fine roots; few fine and many very fine tubular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and surfaces of pores; 40 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.2); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 23 cm thick)
Btkq--18 to 25 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) extremely gravelly clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few medium and fine and common very fine roots; few fine and many very fine interstitial pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and surfaces of pores; 70 percent silica-carbonate coated gravel and gravel sized extremely hard duripan fragments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 15 cm thick)
Bqkm--25 to 51 cm; white indurated duripan; massive; violently effervescent. (3 to 75 cm thick)
R--51 cm; hard andesite with silica-carbonate plugged fractures in the upper part.
TYPE LOCATION: Lyon County, Nevada; about 1,920 feet north and 800 feet east of the southwest corner of section 20, T. 12 N., R. 25 E.; USGS Yerington, NV 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 53 minutes 13.8 seconds N and longitude 119 degrees 12 minutes 58.1 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.8871667 latitude, -119.216139 longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Moist in winter and spring, dry in summer and fall; typic aridic soil moisture regime bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 11 to 13 degrees C.
Depth to duripan: 20 to 36 cm.
Depth to bedrock: 38 to 100 cm.
Other features: The duripan is indurated in the upper 3 to 25 cm and is strongly cemented in the lower part in some pedons where depth to bedrock exceeds 50 cm. Some duripans are not effervescent.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: averages 27 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent, mainly gravel.
A horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3.
Reaction: Neutral or slightly alkaline.
Bt horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 4 through 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Clay content: 25 to 40 percent in any single subhorizon.
Reaction: Neutral or slightly alkaline in the Bt1, and Bt2 horizons, moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline in the Btkq horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Brock,
Cleet,
Deepeek,
Hotcreek,
Indicove,
Littleailie,
Malmesa,
Oleman,
Shinnpeak,
Troughs,
Vinini, and
Wanapum series.
Brock,
Cleet,
Deepeek,
Indicove,
Littleailie,
Oleman,
Shinnpeak, and
Wanapum soils lack bedrock within 100 cm.
Hotcreek soils have bedrock at 20 to 36 cm.
Malmesa soils have a duripan at 20 to 36 cm and are moist for 10 to 20 days in the summer.
Troughs soils have an average annual soil temperature of 8 to 11 degrees C.
Vinini soils are moist for 10 to 20 days cumulative between July and October due to convection storms.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lapon soils are on plateaus, hill and mountain terraces and upper side slopes. These soils formed in residuum and colluvium from basic igneous rocks and have a component of ashy loess capping the surface. Slopes are 4 to 75 percent. Elevations are 1,340 to 2,134 meters. The mean annual temperature is 9 to 11 degrees C and the mean annual precipitation is 200 to 250 mm. Frost-free season is 100 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Theon,
Pirouette,
Singatse and
Uripnes soils. Theon soils lack a duripan. Pirouette soils have a natric horizon. Singatse and Uripnes soils lack an argillic horizon and a duripan.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Runoff is medium or rapid; moderately low saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. The vegetation is principally Lahontan sagebrush, desert needlegrass, cheatgrass, bottlebrush squirreltail, Sandberg bluegrass and galleta. This pedon is correlated to R027XY020NV, Shallow Claypan 8-10" PZ.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Nevada. The soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 27.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lyon County (Smith Valley Physical Survey), Nevada, 1940.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 5 cm (A horizon)
Argillic horizon - The zone from about 5 to 25 cm (Bt1, Bt2 and Btqk horizons)
Cemented duripan - The zone from about 25 to 51 cm (Bqkm horizon)
Lithic contact - The boundary between the duripan and bedrock at about 51 cm (R layer).
Particle size control section - The zone from the surface to 25 cm (A, Bt1, Bt2 and Btkq horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
NASIS pedon and site ID: 2006NV019004.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.