LOCATION LAURENS SC+NC GATentative Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Laurens silt loam - forested. (Colors are for moist soil.)
A--0 to 4 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and common medium roots; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 9 inches thick)
E--4 to 6 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and medium roots; strongly acid; abrupt broken boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
Bt1--6 to 10 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) silt clay loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and few medium roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine pores; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--10 to 28 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and medium roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine pores; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon ranges from 10 to 25 inches)
BC1--28 to 41 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay loam with few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) mottles; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine pores; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
BC2--41 to 53 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) silty clay loam with few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) mottles; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine pores; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the BC horizon ranges from 5 to 25 inches)
C--53 to 63 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) silty clay loam saprolite with common fine and medium prominent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) and few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) mottles; weak coarse and very coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Laurens County, South Carolina; 6 miles northeast of Lancaster, South Carolina; 1.3 miles east of junction of State Highway 28 and 82; 60 feet south of State Highway 28; and 235 feet southeast of power pole no. COA31.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the clayey part of the Bt horizon ranges from 10 to 25 inches. Depth to the bottom of the clayey Bt horizon is less than 30 inches. Depth to a lithic contact is more than 60 inches. The soil is very strongly acid to neutral in the A horizon and very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the rest of the profile. Content of rock fragments ranges 0 to 20 percent in the A and E horizons, and 0 to 10 percent in the Bt, BC and C horizons. Few fine flakes of mica are in the lower part of the solum of some pedons, and some pedons may have few fine manganese concretions in the surface and upper subsoil horizons.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, or it is neutral, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 0 to 8. It is silt loam, loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam in the fine-earth fraction. Where eroded, the A horizon has hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 8. It is clay loam or silty clay loam.
The E horizon, where present, has hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 8. It is silt loam, loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam in the fine-earth fraction.
The upper part of the Bt horizon of many pedons has hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 6 to 8. The middle part of the Bt horizon, and in many pedons the upper part of the Bt horizon, has hue of 10R or 2.5YR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 6 to 8. The lower part of the Bt horizon has hue of 10R or 2.5YR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 6 to 8, commonly with mottles in shades of red, yellow, or brown. The Bt horizon is clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay or clay. The particle-size control section averages more than 30 percent silt or more than 40 percent silt plus very fine sand, or less than 15 percent sand coarser than very fine sand..
The BC horizon has hue of 10R to 5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 6 to 8, commonly with mottles in shades of yellow or brown. It is silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam.
The C horizon has hue of 10R to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8, commonly with mottles in shades of brown, yellow, gray, or red. In some pedons, the C horizon is coarsely mottled in shades of red, brown, yellow or gray. The C horizon is silt loam, loam, very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or silty clay loam saprolite of fine-grained metavolcanic rock.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Appling, Aragon, Cataula, Cecil, Chestatee, Darley, Georgeville, Herndon, Hulett, Kolomaki, Mahan, Nanford, Nectar, Neeses, Pacolet, Spotsylvania, Tarrus, and Wedowee series. Appling, Cecil, Hulett, Pacolet, and Wedowee soils have less than 30 percent silt in the control section. Aragon soils have Bt horizons that are mottled in the upper part. Aragon and Nectar soils formed in weathered limestone, sandstone, shale, or siltstone. Chestatee soils have more than 15 percent by volume of coarse fragments throughout. Darley soils contain layers of fractured ironstone in the B horizon. Georgeville soils have a clayey Bt horizon that extends beyond 30 inches. Herndon soils have Bt horizons with hue of 5YR or yellower. Nanford and Tarrus soils have a depth to weathered bedrock of 40 to 60 inches. Spotsylvania soils have a lithologic discontinuity. Mahan soils formed in coastal plain sediments and have coarse fragments of ironstone.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Laurens soils are on gently sloping to moderately steep Piedmont uplands. Slopes are generally 6 to 15 percent but range from 2 to 50 percent. The soil formed in residuum weathered from fine-grained metavolcanic rocks. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 37 to 60 inches, mean annual temperature ranges from 59 to 66 degrees F, and the frost-free season ranges from 190 to 240 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: In addition to the competing Georgeville, Herndon, Nanford, and Tarrus series, these are the Alamance, Badin, Goldston, Gundy, Kirksey, Nason, Tatum, and Uwharrie series. Alamance and Kirksey soils are fine-silty. Goldston soils are loamy-skeletal. Badin, Gundy, Nason, Tatum, and Uwharrie soils have mixed mineralogy. In addition, Gundy soils have a base saturation of more than 35 percent.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Cleared areas are used for cotton, small grains, tobacco, corn, hay, and pasture. Forested areas are in mixed hardwood and pines.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Piedmont of South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES PROPOSED: Laurens County, South Carolina, 2003.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to 6 inches (A and E horizons)
Argillic horizon - the zone from 6 to 28 inches (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
MLRA = 136
ADDITIONAL DATA:
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation SC LAURENS 2-50 59-66 190-225 37-60 300-1100 SC LAURENS 2-50 59-66 190-225 37-60 300-1100SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness SC NONE 6.0-6.0 - 60-60 SC NONE 6.0-6.0 - 60-60
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- SC 0- 6 L VFSL SIL 0- 2 90-100 5-27 8-16 SC 0- 6 SICL CL 0- 2 90-100 27-35 8-16 SC 6-10 SICL CL 0- 1 90-100 27-35 6-10 SC 10-28 C SIC SICL 0- 1 95-100 35-65 9-15 SC 28-53 SICL CL SIL 0- 5 90-100 15-35 7-15 SC 53-63 L VFSL SIL 0- 5 90-100 10-27 7-15
SC 0- 6 GR-L GR-SIL GR-VFSL 0-10 55- 75 5-27 8-16 SC 0- 6 SY-SIL SY-L SY-VFSL 0- 5 70- 80 5-27 8-16 SC 6-10 SICL CL 0- 1 90-100 27-35 6-10 SC 10-28 C SIC SICL 0- 1 95-100 35-65 9-15 SC 28-53 SICL L SIL 0- 5 90-100 15-35 7-15 SC 53-63 L VFSL SIL 0- 5 90-100 10-27 7-15
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll SC 0- 6 4.5- 7.3 .5-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW SC 0- 6 4.5- 7.3 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW SC 6-10 4.5- 5.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW SC 10-28 4.5- 5.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW SC 28-53 4.5- 5.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW SC 53-63 4.5- 5.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW
SC 0- 6 4.5- 7.3 .5-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW SC 0- 6 4.5- 7.3 .5-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW SC 6-10 4.5- 5.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW SC 10-28 4.5- 5.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW SC 28-53 4.5- 5.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW SC 53-63 4.5- 5.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW