LOCATION LAVETA COEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Ustic Haplocryalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Laveta gravelly fine sandy loam, 9 to 65 percent slopes in forested area at an elevation of 9,605 feet. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi--0 to 1 inches; slightly decomposed plant material; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear wavy boundary.
E--1 to 9 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; 8 percent clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable, soft, nonsticky, nonplastic; common very fine and medium roots throughout; common very fine tubular pores and common medium tubular pores; 20 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; noneffervescent; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear smooth boundary.
Bt--9 to 17 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) very gravelly fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; 12 percent clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard, nonsticky, nonplastic; common very fine and medium roots throughout; common very fine tubular pores; few distinct clay bridges between sand grains; 30 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; noneffervescent; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual smooth boundary.
C--17 to 26 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) extremely gravelly fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; 7 percent clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard, nonsticky, nonplastic; common very fine and medium roots throughout; common very fine tubular pores; 50 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles; noneffervescent; slightly acid (pH 6.4); abrupt wavy boundary.
R--26 inches; sandstone bedrock
TYPE LOCATION: Laveta gravelly fine sandy loam; McCarty Park USGS topographic quadrangle, NAD 83; 37 degrees 28 minutes 6.28 seconds north latitude and 105 degrees 12 minutes 9.83 seconds west longitude; NAD83; UTM 482073 meters E, 4146856 meters N, zone 13
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture:
Soil moisture regime subclass: ustic
Soil moisture regime class: udic
Seasonal pattern: The soil moisture control section is affected by snow melt in early spring and peak precipitation occurring from thunderstorms from June to September.
Mean annual soil temperature: 34 to 44 degrees F (1.0 to 6.7 degrees C)
Mean summer soil temperature: 42 to 48 degrees F (5.6 to 8.9 degrees C)
Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches (51 to 102 centimeters) to bedrock, lithic
Depth to diagnostic feature: argillic horizon: 5 to 15 inches (13 to 38 centimeters)
Thickness of diagnostic feature: argillic horizon is 8 to 10 inches (20 to 25 centimeters)
Linear extensibility: weighted average RV is 0.3 percent
Surface fragments: 5 to 35 percent subangular indurated sandstone, gravel and 0 to 20 percent subangular indurated sandstone cobbles
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 10 to 18 percent
Sand content: 35 to 60 percent
Rock fragment content: 35 to 60 percent
Oi horizon(s)
Texture: slightly decomposed plant material
Reaction: pH 5.1 to 6.0
Organic matter content: 75.0 to 95.0 percent
E horizon(s)
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: gravelly fine sandy loam
Clay content: 3 to 12 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 1 percent
Sand content: 35 to 60 percent
Silt content: 25 to 60 percent
Fragment content, total: 15 to 35 percent
Fragment size and content: 15 to 25 percent indurated gravel 0 to 10 percent indurated cobbles derived from sandstone
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 1 percent
Electrical conductivity: 0 to 1 mmhos/cm
Reaction: pH 6.1 to 7.3
Bt horizon(s)
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry; 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: very gravelly fine sandy loam, very gravelly loam
Clay content: 10 to 18 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 1 percent
Sand content: 35 to 60 percent
Silt content: 25 to 60 percent
Fragment content, total: 15 to 60 percent
Fragment size and content: 15 to 40 percent indurated gravel
0 to 20 percent indurated cobbles derived from sandstone
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 1 percent
Electrical conductivity: 0 to 1 mmhos/cm
Reaction: pH 6.1 to 7.3
Organic matter content: 0.2 to 1.0 percent
C horizon(s)
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: extremely gravelly fine sandy loam
Clay content: 3 to 12 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 1 percent
Sand content: 35 to 60 percent
Silt content: 25 to 60 percent
Fragment content, total: 60 to 75 percent
Fragment size and content: 45 to 50 percent indurated gravel
15 to 25 percent indurated cobbles derived from sandstone
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 1 percent
Electrical conductivity: 0 to 1 mmhos/cm
Reaction: pH 6.1 to 7.3
Organic matter content: 0.0 to 0.5 percent
R horizon; sandstone bedrock
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Cadotte,
Cundiyo,
Goosepeak,
Cloud Peak,
Hyattville,
Kimpton, Guffy,
Lake Creek,
Lulude,
Lakehelen,
Fris,
Fulvance,
Reinecker, and
Tepecreek series.
Cadotte, Cundiyo, Goosepeak, Fris, Fulvance, Reinecker are very deep
Cloud Peak, Hyattville, Kimpton have accumulations of secondary calcium carbonate
Guffy, Lakehelen, Tepecreek have a paralithic contact at 20 to 40 inches
Lake Creek has rock fragments that are mainly stones
Lulude has volcanic rock fragments
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: sandy slope alluvium over residuum weathered from sandstone
Landform: mountain slopes
Slopes: 3 to 65 percent
Elevation: 8,800 to 12,000 feet (2,682 to 3,505 meters)
Mean annual air temperature: 33 to 41 degrees F. (0.6 to 5.0 degrees C.)
Mean annual precipitation: 16 to 25 inches (406 to 635 millimeters)
Precipitation pattern: The soil moisture control section is affected by snow melt in early spring and peak precipitation occurring from thunderstorms from June to September.
Frost-free period: 40 to 70 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Tolvar series. The Tolvar soils are very deep and are on mountain slopes and alluvial fans.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: well drained, medium to high runoff, moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for forestry, recreation, and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation is aspen, Douglas fir, Lodgepole pine, white fir, ponderosa pine, kinnikinnik, and common juniper.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mountainous areas bordering the San Luis Valley in south-central Colorado; LRR E, MLRA 48A. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Costilla County, CO, Costilla County Soil Survey Area, CO 2009. The name Laveta is coined.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: The zone from 1 to 9 inches. (E horizon)
Argillic horizon: The zone from 9 to 17 inches. (Bt horizon)
Lithic contact: The contact at 26 inches. (R horizon)
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.
Taxonomic Version: Tenth Edition, 2006
ADDITIONAL DATA: