LOCATION LEOLA WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Arenic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Leola loamy sand - on a 2 percent convex slope to a cultivated field at an elevation of about 1,075 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loamy sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; very weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; about 5 percent pebbles by volume; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 9 inches thick)
Bw--8 to 18 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loamy sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; about 5 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (8 to 12 inches thick)
Bt1--18 to 26 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loamy sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine roots; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; thin clay bridging between sand grains; about 5 percent gravel; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 9 inches thick)
Bt2--26 to 35 inches; mottled light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) (50 percent) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) (50 percent) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine roots; thin clay bridging between sand grains; about 5 percent gravel; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (7 to 11 inches thick)
Btg--35 to 42 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loamy sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine roots; thin clay bridging between sand grains; many coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; about 5 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (5 to 9 inches thick)
Cg--42 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sand; single grain; loose; many coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; about 5 percent gravel; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Portage County, Wisconsin; about 2 1/2 miles southwest of Bancroft; 1,320 feet west and 150 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 21, T. 21 N., R. 8 E. USGS Bancroft, Wis. Quad. Latitude 44 degrees 17 minutes 16 seconds N. Longitude 89 degrees 33 minutes 15 seconds W. NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of the argillic horizon ranges from 26 to 50 inches. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 20 percent of the solum and substratum. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to neutral in the solum and from moderately acid to neutral in the substratum. Redox accumulation typically are throughout the soil below the A horizon. Redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less and saturation occur within a depth of 30 inches.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is loamy sand.
Some pedons have an E horizon with hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is loamy sand or sand.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is loamy sand or gravelly loamy sand.
The Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8. The dominant texture is sandy loam or the gravelly analog but subhorizons are loamy sand or the gravelly analog.
The Btg horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is loamy sand or gravelly loamy sand.
The Cg horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is sand or gravelly sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Bixler,
Markton,
Rimer, and
Selfridge series. None of these soils have more than 85 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Leola soils are on outwash plains. They occupy depressions and drainageways. Slopes are 0 to 3 percent. These soils formed in loamy and sandy outwash. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 33 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 45 to 47 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Brems, Meehan, and Newson soils. In nearby higher-lying areas are the moderately well drained Brems soils. Near the generalized mesic-frigid line, the somewhat poorly drained Meehan soils and the poorly drained and very poorly drained Newson soils, both of which are classified frigid, are associated with the Leola soils. The Meehan soils are on nearly level slopes and the Newson soils are in depressions or drainageways.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible or very low. Permeability is moderately rapid in the solum and rapid in the substratum. These soils have an apparent seasonal high water table at a depth of 1 to 2.5 feet for some time in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grains, and hay. Some areas are irrigated and specialty crops are grown sucha s sweet corn, potatoes and snap beans. Native vegetation is a mixture of grasses and deciduous and coniferous trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central sand area of Wisconsin in Adams, Portage, and Waushara Counties. These soils are of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Portage County, Wisconsin, 1972.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 8 inches (Ap); argillic horizon - 18 to 42 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Btg); aquic feature redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less and saturation within 30 inches of the mineral soil surface; arenic feature sandy particle-size throughout a layer from the mineral soil surface to the top of the argillic horizon at a depth of 20 inches or more.