LOCATION LIDAN                   NV

Established Series
Rev. RWW/RLB/WED/JBF
06/2016

LIDAN SERIES

The Lidan series consists of moderately deep to an indurated hardpan, well drained soils that are on slightly convex erosional fan remnants of fan piedmonts. They formed in mixed alluvium derived mainly from volcanic tuffs and related rocks. Slopes are 8 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 180 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 13 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, smectitic, mesic Abruptic Argidurids

TYPICAL PEDON: Lidan gravelly sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) About 55 percent of the soil surface is covered with gravel, 8 percent with cobbles and 2 percent stones.

A--0 to 13 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) gravelly sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; moderate thin platy structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; many fine and medium vesicular pores; 15 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to 15 cm thick)

Bt--13 to 36 cm; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) very gravelly clay, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; many very fine and few medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; many prominent clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 35 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear smooth boundary. (18 to 30 cm thick)

Btk1--36 to 58 cm; light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; common prominent clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 50 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; common moderately thick silica-carbonate coatings on undersides of rock fragments; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual smooth boundary. (15 to 30 cm thick)

Btk2--58 to 76 cm; pink (5YR 7/4) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam, light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 50 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; many silica-carbonate laminar coatings on undersides of rock fragments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); abrupt wavy boundary. (20 to 30 cm thick)

Bqkm1--76 to 91 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) indurated silica and carbonate cemented duripan, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) moist; massive; extremely firm, violently effervescent; gradual irregular boundary. (10 to 20 cm thick)

Bqkm2--91 cm to 152 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) strongly silica and carbonate cemented strata up to 20 cm thick alternating with extremely gravelly loamy sand strata about 8 cm thick, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) moist; many fine interstitial pores; 60 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; rock fragments covered with silica-carbonate coatings; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6).

TYPE LOCATION: Nye County, Nevada; east of Lida Junction and near Stonewall Mountain, approximately 2,000 feet south and 2,400 feet east of the projected northwest corner of section 25, T. 5 S., R. 43 E.; USGS East of Goldfield 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 37 degrees 28 minutes 40 seconds N and longitude 117 degrees 6 minutes 16 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 37.6444444 latitude -117.1044444 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist in some part for short periods during the winter and early spring months and for 10 to 20 days cumulative from July to October following summer convection storms; typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 12 to 15 degrees C.
Depth to duripan: 50 to 100 cm.

Particle-size control section - Percent clay: Average 35 to 50 percent.
Rock fragments: 50 to 65 percent, mainly gravel.

A horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 5 or 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.

Bt horizon
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR or 10YR.
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 4 through 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4 dry or moist.
Texture of fine earth: Clay or sandy clay in upper part, clay loam or sandy clay loam in lower part.
Structure: Subangular blocky or prismatic.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.

Bqkm horizon
Consistence: Indurated or strongly cemented with an indurated subhorizon.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lidan soils are on slightly convex erosional fan remnants of fan piedmonts. These soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks, mainly from volcanic tuffs and related rocks. Slopes are 8 to 15 percent. Elevations are 1,405 to 1,710 meters. The climate is cool, semiarid with cool moist winters and hot, dry summers with occasional convection storms. The mean annual precipitation is about 130 to 200 mm. The mean annual temperature is about 12 to 14 degrees C and the frost-free season is about 160 to 180 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Fuegosta and the Izo, Stonewall and Tomel soils. Izo soils have a sandy-skeletal control section. Stonewall soils lack a duripan. Tomel soils have less than 35 percent clay in the Bt horizon.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; Medium runoff; moderately low saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly spiny menodora, shadscale, ephedra, bud sagebrush, and galleta.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern Nevada. These soils are not extensive. MLRA 29.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Nye County, Nevada, (Southwest Part) 1984. The name is coined.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 13 cm (A horizon).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 13 to 76 cm (Bt, Btk1 and Btk2 horizons).
Duripan - The zone from 76 to 152 cm (Bqkm1 and Bqkm2 horizons).
Abruptic subgroup feature - The clay increase at the upper boundary of the argillic horizon at 13 cm.
Particle-size control section - The zone from 13 to 63 cm (Bt, Btk1 and part of the Btk2 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.