LOCATION LILLIWAUP WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial-skeletal, ferrihydritic Typic Fulvicryands
TYPICAL PEDON: Lilliwaup extremely gravelly medial loam - forestland, on a 73 percent north-facing slope at an elevation of 3,040 feet in a Pacific silver fir/Alaska huckleberry plant association. (When described on June 20, 1990 the soil was moist throughout. Colors are for moist soils unless otherwise stated. All textures are apparent field textures.)
Oi--0 to 2 inches; slightly decomposed needles, leaves, twigs and cones; abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 4 inches thick)
A--2 to 9 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) extremely gravelly medial loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; weak very fine and fine granular and weak very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; many very fine and fine and common medium and coarse roots; many very fine and common fine tubular and irregular pores; 35 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
Bw1--9 to 15 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) extremely gravelly medial loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky and weak very fine and fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine and fine irregular and tubular pores; 40 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--15 to 32 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) extremely gravelly medial loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky and weak very fine and fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; common very fine, fine and medium and few coarse roots; common very fine and fine irregular and tubular pores; 40 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary.
Bw3--32 to 42 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) extremely gravelly medial loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky and weak very fine and fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; few very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; 40 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary.
Bw4--42 to 63 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) extremely gravelly medial loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky and weak very fine and fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; few very fine, and fine roots; few very fine tubular and irregular pores; 35 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles; moderately acid (pH 5.6). (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 55 to 60 inches)
TYPE LOCATION: Mason County, Washington; about 3 miles northeast of the Brown Creek Campground, about 2,245 feet east and 790 feet south of the northwest corner of section 35, T. 23 N., R. 5 W. (Latitude 47 degrees, 26 minutes, 44 seconds N., Longitude 123 degrees, 16 minutes, 56 seconds W.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Mean annual soil temperature is 41 to 43 degrees F. Mean summer soil temperature is 43 to 47 degrees F. Mean winter soil temperature is 39 to 41 degrees F. These soils are usually moist, and are dry in the soil moisture control section 0 to 30 consecutive days after the summer solstice; udic moisture regime. Depth to bedrock is greater than 60 inches. The particle-size control section has andic soil properties with an estimated bulk density of 0.50 to 0.80 g/cc., acid oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half of the acid-oxalate extractable iron of 2 to 3 percent, phosphate retention is 85 to 100 percent, 15-bar water retention of 20 to 35 percent for air dried samples, acid oxalate extractable iron is 1.5 to 3.0 percent and 60 to 90 percent rock fragments by volume. Individual subhorizons may be outside the range for andic soil properties. It has 2 to 5 cmol/kg of aluminum throughout the upper meter and is less than 2 cmol/kg of aluminum below a meter.
The A horizon has a hue of 4 to 5 dry and chroma of 3 moist and 3 or 4 dry. It has 10 to 20 percent organic matter.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 5 or 6 dry, and chroma of 4 or 6 moist. It is extremely gravelly medial loam, extremely cobbly medial sandy loam, or extremely gravelly medial sandy loam. Reaction is strongly or very strongly acid throughout the upper meter. The upper meter has 2 to 12 percent organic matter..
COMPETING SERIES: These are the the Brokenfinger, Newanna, Sevencedars, and Urgestein series. Brokenfinger, Newanna, and Urgestein soils are 20 to 40 inches to a lithic contact. Sevencedars soils have an umbric epipedon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lilliwaup soils are on mid-slopes of mountains. Slopes are 60 to 90 percent. The soils formed in colluvium from marine basalt and associated volcanic rocks. Elevations are 2,650 to 3,850 feet. Average annual precipitation 70 to 150 inches. Average annual temperature is 39 to 41 degrees F. The frost free season is 120 to 140 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aristine, Brokenfinger, Constance, Jorsted, Graves, Musgrove, and Stonybrook soils. Aristine and Jorsted soils are on glacial valleys and glaciated mountain slopes are moderately deep to cemented till. Brokenfinger and Stonybrook soils are on mountain slopes and are moderately deep to bedrock. Constance soils are on mountain slopes and are shallow to bedrock. Graves soils are on mountain slopes and are very shallow to bedrock. Musgrove soils are on mountain slopes and are loamy-skeletal.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Timber production, wildlife habitat, recreation, and watershed. Native vegetation is western hemlock, Pacific silver fir, moss, red huckleberry, Alaska huckleberry, western swordfern and oneleaf foamflower.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Olympic Mountains of Mason and Jefferson Counties, Washington; MLRA 3. Series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mason County, Washington, 2000; Olympic National Forest.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are an ochric epipedon, a cambic horizon from 9 to 63 inches. The particle-size control section is from 2 to 42 inches (A, Bw1, Bw2, and Bw3 horizons).
ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL pedon S91WA-045-002.
All depths to diagnostic horizons and other features are measured from the top of the first mineral horizon.