LOCATION NEWANNA OREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial-skeletal, ferrihydritic Typic Fulvicryands
TYPICAL PEDON: Newanna gravelly medial loam, timber harvested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 12 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) gravelly medial loam, dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2) dry; moderate fine and very fine granular structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; many very fine irregular pores; 15 percent basalt gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 15 inches thick)
Bw--12 to 21 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) very cobbly medial loam, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; common fine and very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 15 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles and 10 percent stones; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 30 inches thick)
BC--21 to 26 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) very stony medial loam, reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; few roots; common fine tubular pores; 55 percent stones; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
R--26 inches; fractured basalt.
TYPE LOCATION: Clatsop County, Oregon; on Nicolai Mtn.; 1,320 feet north and 1,240 feet west of SE corner section 17, T. 7 N., R. 6 W.; (Latitude 46 degrees, 5 minutes, 17.1 seconds N.; Longitude 123 degrees, 27 minutes, 8.5 seconds W.); Nicolai Mtn., OR 7.5 minute USGS topographic quadrangle; NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The soil is usually moist but is dry for a short period of less than 45 consecutive days between depths of 4 to 12 inches. The mean annual soil temperature is 40 to 46 degrees F; the mean annual summer soil temperature is 45 to 47 degrees F. In areas not disturbed by logging, an 0 horizon is typical. Depth to basalt and solum thickness is 20 to 40 inches. The umbric epipedon is 10 to 20 inches thick. The particle-size control section averages 10 to 25 percent clay and 35 to 80 percent rock fragments. It has phosphate retention of more than 85 percent, acid oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half iron of 2.0 to 4.0 percent, 2.0 to 15 cmol (+)/kg of KCl extractable aluminum, and 15-bar moisture of 20 to 30 percent based on an air-dried sample.
The A horizon has hue of 10 YR to 5YR, value of 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry and chroma of 2 or 3 moist and dry. It is 10 to 25 percent clay, 15 to 40 percent gravel, and 0 to 25 percent cobbles. A few stones are scattered over the surface, some are boulder size. Reaction is very strongly acid to moderately acid. It has a moist bulk density of 0.75 to 0.90 grams per cubic centimeter.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR to 5YR, value of 3 or 4 moist, 4 to 6 dry and chroma of 3 to 6 moist and dry. Texture is very cobbly medial loam, very gravelly medial loam, or extemely cobbly medial loam. It is 10 to 25 percent clay, 5 to 50 percent gravel, 10 to 30 percent cobbles, and 0 to 10 percent stones. Reaction is very strongly or strongly acid. It has a moist bulk density of 0.50 to 0.85g/cubic centimeter.
The BC horizon, when present, has hue of 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR, value of 4 or 5 moist, 5 to 7 dry and chroma of 4 to 6 moist and dry. It is 10 to 20 percent clay. Texture is very stony medial loam, very cobbly medial loam, very gravelly medial loam, extremely gravelly medial loam, or extremely cobbly medial loam It has 5 to 50 percent gravel, 0 to 40 percent cobbles, and 0 to 55 percent stones. Reaction is very strongly or strongly acid. It has a moist bulk density of 0.70 to 0.85g/cubic centimeter.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Brokenfinger, Lilliwaup, and Sevencedars series. Sevencedars and Lilliwaup soils are very deep to bedrock. In addition, Lilliwaup soils have an ochric epipedon. Brokenfinger soils lack an umbric epipedon. The Urgestine soil has a similar classification with an umbric epipedon 20 to 40 inches thick and less than 2 cmol/kg of aluminum in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Newanna soils are on smooth side slopes of mountains in the Coast Range and western slopes of the Cascade Range. Where these soils are mapped in the Coast Range elevations are 2,700 to 4,100 feet. Where these soils are mapped in the Cascade Range elevations are 3,800 to 5,000 feet. Slopes are 0 to 100 percent. The soils formed in colluvium and residuum from basalt and other volcanic rocks. The climate is characterized by cold wet winters and cool moist summers. The mean annual precipitation is 80 to 150 inches. The average January temperature is 30 degrees F. and the average July temperature is 58 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 38 to 45 degrees F. The frost-free period is 10 to 100 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Caterl, Laderly, Sevencedars, and Woodspoint in the Coast Range and Thader soils in the Cascade Mountains. Caterl soils have a frigid soil temperature regime and are on adjacent lower elevation side slopes. Laderly soils have a frigid soil temperature regime, are 40 to 60 inches to bedrock and are on adjacent lower side slopes. Sevencedars soils are more than 60 inches deep to bedrock and are on adjacent side slopes of mountains. Woodspoint soils have less than 35 percent rock fragments, 40 to 60 inches deep to bedrock, and are on adjacent side slopes of mountains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Newanna soils are used for producing timber and for watershed protection, wildlife, and recreation. Vegetation is Douglas fir, noble fir, Pacific silver fir, mountain hemlock, tall blue huckleberry, vanillaleaf, salal, and grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: High elevations in the central and northern portions of the Coast Range and western slopes of the northern portion of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon; MLRA 1, 3. The series is inextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clackamas County, Oregon, 1982.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Umbric epipedon - from 0 to 12 inches (A horizon)
Cambic horizon - from 12 to 26 inches (Bw and BC horizon)
Particle-size control section - from 0 to 26 inches (A, Bw, BC horizons) with a weighted average of 37 percent rock fragments.
Andic properties - from 0 to 26 inches based on similar Laderly and Caterl associated soils.
The classification was revised 08/2001 from Alic Fulvicryands to ferrihydritic Typic Fulvicryands. Further investigation is needed to determine if the ferrigydritic mineralogy class is the same in both the Coast Range and Cascade Range mountains. Lab data seem to indicate that the Coast Range soils contain more than 2 cmol (+)/kg of KCl extractable aluminum while the Cascade Range soils have less than 2 cmol.
All depths to diagnostic horizons and other features are measured from the top of the first mineral horizon.