LOCATION LOMAPELONA TX

Established Series
NAR
10/2012

LOMAPELONA SERIES

The Lomapelona series consists of very deep and moderately well drained soils formed in stratified alluvium. Lomapelona soils are on flood plains and alluvial fans, and have slopes of 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 280 mm (11 inches) and mean annual air temperature is about 21 degrees C (70 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, calcareous, hyperthermic Ustic Torrifluvents

TYPICAL PEDON: Lomapelona sandy clay loam-cultivated. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable, slightly hard, firm;slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine, medium, and coarse roots; many coarse irregular pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; few fine salt crystals on vertical cracks; abrupt smooth boundary (4 to 14 inches thick).

C1--6 to 11 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; very friable, slightly hard, very firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine, few medium and coarse roots; few fine, medium, and coarse tubular pores; few platy clay bodies on vertical faces of cracks; few medium worm casts; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; few fine salt crystals on horizontal cracks; gradual smooth boundary (4 to 8 inches thick).

C2--11 to 25 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist;few thin prominent very dark brown (10YR 2/2) patchy organic stains; massive; very friable, slightly hard; slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine, few fine, medium, and coarse roots; few fine, medium, and coarse tubular pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary (10 to 19 inches thick).

C3--25 to 39 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3)very fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; few fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/3) iron redox depletions; massive; very friable, slightly hard, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; few fine tubular pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary (6 to 18 inches thick).

C4--39 to80 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; few fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/3), many medium prominent very dark brown (7.5YR 2.5/2), and few fine faint yellow (10YR 7/6) iron manganese redox depletions; massive; very friable, slightly hard, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; common very fine, few fine and medium tubular pores; few thin stratified clay lenses; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Presidio County, Texas; from the junction of US Highway 67 and FM 170 on the east side of Presidio, 2.5 miles east on FM 170 road to farm road; 0.5 mile south on farm road; 0.2 mile west on farm road; 100 feet north in cropland. Presidio East USGS 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; Latitude: 29 degrees, 27 minutes, 20.96 seconds North; Longitude: 104 degrees, 12 minutes, 20.49 seconds West; NAD 1983; UTM coordinates 599677 m E, 3371332 m N, Zone 13.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil moisture - Receives precipitation in all months. Driest period is Novemeber through April with peak rainfall occurring during May through October. Ustic aridic soil moisture regime

Soil temperature: 72 to 78 degrees F.

Soil depth: greater than 60 inches

Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent

Clay content in the particle size control section: averages less than 18 percent

Reaction: slightly to strongly alkaline

Salinity: non-saline to strongly saline

Stratification: common strata of finer or coarser material that are 1 to 24 inches thick

A horizon
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 6 dry, 3 to 4 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4, dry or moist
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, loam, clay loam, clay
Clay content: 5 to 45 percent

C horizons
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 7 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma 2 to 5, dry or moist
Texture: fine sand, sand, loamy fine sand, loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, silt, silt loam, silty clay loam, loam, clay loam, clay
Clay content: 2 to 45 percent

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lomapelona soils are on flood plains of large rivers and adjacent alluvial fans. They formed in stratified coarse-loamy alluvium of Holocene age. Slopes are dominantly 0 to 1 percent, but can range up to 3 percent. The mean annual precipitation is 10 to 13 inches, and occurs as high intensity rain during afternoon convective thunderstorms from June to September. The mean annual air temperature is 68 to 72 degrees F. The frost-free period is 240 to 280 days. The elevation is 1,710 to 3,995 feet.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Castolon, Galindo, Leaton, Paloblanco, and Vicente series. Castolon soils are fine-silty. Galindo soils are clayey over loamy. Leaton soils are fine with aquic condition. Paloblanco soils are loamy over sandy. Vicente soils are coarse-loamy.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is moderately slow. Runoff is low on slopes less than 1 percent and medium on 1 to 3 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used for livestock grazing and where irrigated for cultivated crops and pastures. A few areas are used for wildlife habitat. Alfalfa, forage sorghum, and grains are common irrigated crops. Dominant shrubs are creosote bush, prickly pear, salt cedar, and palo verde. Grasses are chino grama, fluffgrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West Texas. MLRA 42. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Brewster County, Texas, Main Part, 2008. The name is taken from a hill near the type location.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Ochric epipedon - The zone from 0 to 6 inches (A horizon)

Classified according to Soil Taxonomy, Second Edition, 1999; Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010

Moisture and temperature regimes revised for Brewster County, Texas, Main Part, 2/12/08, CEM

Revised for the correlation of Big Bend National Park, TX, Oct. 2010, CEM

Revised for the correlation of Presidio County, Texas ; Oct, 2012, WWJ

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.