LOCATION LOMAX IN+MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Hapludolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Lomax loam - cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; many fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 inches) thick]
A1--23 to 43 cm (9 to 17 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many fine roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
A2--43 to 63 cm (17 to 25 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings on faces of peds and as linings on voids; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizons is 30 to 61 cm (12 to 24 inches).]
Bw1--63 to 81 cm (25 to 32 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coatings on faces of peds and in old root channels; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bw2--81 to 112 cm (32 to 44 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 41 to 91 cm (16 to 36 inches).]
2C--112 to 152 cm (44 to 60 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sand with thin strata of fine sandy loam; single grain and massive; loose and friable; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Knox County, Indiana; about 5.5 miles southwest of Vincennes; 190 feet northeast and 1,670 feet north of the south corner of donation 163, T. 2 N., R. 11 W.; USGS Decker, Indiana-Illinois topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 36 minutes 27.2 seconds N. and long. 87 degrees 35 minutes 36.02 seconds W.; UTM Zone 16, Easting 448339.8, Northing 4273395.78; NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 61 to 91 cm (24 to 36 inches)
Depth to the base of soil development: greater than 102 cm (40 inches)
Depth to sandy material: greater than 102 cm (40 inches)
Particle-size control section: Averages 30 to 50 percent sand coarser than very fine sand
Ap, A, or AB horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: loam or sandy loam
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Bw horizons:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: loam, fine sandy loam or sandy loam
Reaction: slightly acid to strongly acid
2Bw, 2BC, or 2C horizons:
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: loamy sand, sand, or stratified sandy and loamy material
Sand content: Averages more than 75 percent, but the sand content of individual strata ranges from 55 to 98 percent
Reaction: neutral to strongly acid
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Ankeny, Billard (T), Eyota, Hanlon, Shellwood and Tomall series. Ankeny soils average more than 50 percent fine, medium, and coarse sand in the particle-size control section. Billard (T) soils contain less than 50 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section and have a buried horizon. Eyota soils have in the lower part of the series control section subhorizons with less than 55 percent sand. Hanlon soils have a mollic epipedons more than 91 cm (36 inches) thick. Shellwood soils are less acid and have free carbonates in the control section. Tomall soils have carbonates in the C horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lomax soils are on nearly level to gently rolling sandy flood plains and terraces. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. Lomax soils formed in loamy to sandy alluvium or outwash. In some areas it the material has been reworked or redeposited by wind. Summers are hot and winters are cold. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 6 to 14 degrees C (43 to 57 degrees F.); mean annual precipitation ranges from 585 to 1168 mm (23 to 46 inches), frost free days range from 155 to 210 days, and elevation ranges from 104 to 480 meters (340 feet to 1570 feet) above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Armiesburg, Dickinson, Haymond, Nolin, Onarga, and Sparta soils on the nearby landscape. Armiesburg soils have silty and mollic epipedons less than 51 cm (20 inches) thick. Dickinson soils have mollic epipedons less than 61 cm (24 inches) thick. Haymond and Nolin do not have mollic epipedons and are silty. Onarga soils have argillic horizons. Sparta soils are sandy.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high (14.11 to 42.34 micrometers/sec). Permeability is moderately rapid (2 to 6 inches per hour). The potential for surface runoff is low. This soil is subject to rare flooding or flooding is none.
USE AND VEGETATION: Largely under cultivation; corn, soybeans, small grain, and hay are the major crops. Native vegetation is prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Along stream valleys of the major streams in Indiana and Minnesota. Extent is small, with about 8,000 acres correlated in MLRAs 103 and 115A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Henderson County, Illinois, 1947.
REMARKS: The type location is moved to Indiana with this revision, as the previous type location in Henderson County, Illinois was correlated to the Cresent series. Illinois and Missouri are dropped from the states using the Lomax series. The Lomax soils in Missouri have been changed to the DeSioux Series.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon -- the zone from the surface to a depth of 63 cm (25 inches); Ap, A1, and A2 horizons;
Cambic horizon -- the zone from 63 to 112 cm (25 to 44 inches); Bw1 and Bw2 horizons