LOCATION MAKENA HIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial, amorphic, isohyperthermic Typic Haplotorrands
TYPICAL PEDON: Makena loam - pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted. All textures are "apparent field textures.")
A1--0 to 4 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry; weak thin platy structure; soft, very friable; few fine roots; few fine and very fine pores; mildly alkaline (pH 7.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
B21--4 to 12 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry; weak coarse prismatic structure; soft, very friable; common fine roots; few fine pores; mildly alkaline (pH 7.7); gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 11 inches thick)
B22--12 to 23 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) silt loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; weak coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots; common fine pores; mildly alkaline (pH 7.5); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 13 inches thick)
C1--23 to 34 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) silt loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; massive; soft, very friable; common fine and medium roots; many fine pores; few Aa lava cobbles; mildly alkaline (pH 7.4); gradual wavy boundary. (9 to 13 inches thick)
C2ca--34 to 44 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) silt loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; massive; soft, very friable; common fine and medium roots; few fine pores; some small cinders; 10 to 20 percent cobble size Aa lava fragments; strong effervescence with hydrochloric acid; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 12 inches thick)
IIC3--44 inches; fragmental Aa lava having little soil material in cracks; the lava has carbonate encrustations on surfaces.
TYPE LOCATION: Island of Maui, Maui County, Hawaii; Makena Quadrangle; 20 degrees 30' 32" north latitude and 156 degrees 26' 14" west longitude, 600 feet north of Makena Road and 0.5 mile east of Makena Road and Kihei road intersection.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth of soil is more than 40 inches. Stoniness on the surface ranges from nonstony to extremely stony, the amount of stones being greatest near lava flows and drainageways. The mean annual soil temperature is 75 degrees F.
The B horizon has value of 3 or 4 moist, 4 or 5 dry, and chroma of 2 through 4 moist and 3 or 4 dry. It is loam or silt loam.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Kamaole, Keawakapu, Koko, and Wainee series. Kamaole soils have a fragmental control section, mean annual soil temperature of 69 degrees F., and 24 inches or less to Aa lava. Keawakapu soils are clayey over fragmental and are less than 30 inches deep to Aa lava. Koko soils have hue of 7.5YR or redder in the B horizon. Wainee soils are very stony and cobbly in the control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Makena soils are on uplands. Slope is 3 to 15 percent. The elevation ranges from sea level to 500 feet. Outcrops of Aa lava are common. The soil formed in volcanic ash overlying Aa lava. January temperature is 72 degrees F., and average July temperature is 78 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Keawakapu soils and the competing Oanapuka soils. Keawakapu soils have a fine over fragmental control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium runoff; moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used for pasture. The natural vegetation is bristly foxtail (Setaria verticillate), cactus (Opuntia spp.), feather fingergrass (Chloris virgata), ilima (Sida fallax), and kiawe (Prosopis pallida).
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Island of Maui, Maui County, Hawaii. This series is of small extent, comprising 3,000 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Soil Survey, Territory of Hawaii, 1949.
OSED scanned by SSQA. Last revised by state on 3/78.