LOCATION MANCELONA MI+WI

Established Series
Rev. RWJ-WEF-LLD-GDW
08/2012

MANCELONA SERIES

The Mancelona series consists of very deep, somewhat excessively drained soils that formed in sandy and gravelly outwash on moraines, outwash plains, lake plains, deltas, eskers, stream terraces, kame moraines, and old beach ridges. Slope ranges from 0 to 70 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 6.1 degrees C (43 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, frigid Alfic Haplorthods

TYPICAL PEDON: Mancelona loamy sand, on a 3 percent slope. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 5 cm (0 to 2 inches); black (N 2.5/) loamy sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium and common coarse roots; about 4 percent fine and medium gravel; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [3 to 10 cm (1 to 4 inches) thick]

E--5 to 8 cm (2 to 3 inches); pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) loamy sand, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine and medium and common coarse roots; about 4 percent fine and medium gravel; strongly acid; abrupt broken boundary. [3 to 18 cm (1 to 7 inches) thick]

Bs1--8 to 38 cm (3 to 15 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak very fine subangular blocky; friable; common fine and medium, and few coarse roots; about 5 percent fine and medium gravel; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [13 to 30 cm (5 to 12 inches) thick]

Bs2--38 to 64 cm (15 to 25 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) gravelly sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and medium and few coarse roots; about 10 percent fine and medium and 5 percent coarse gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 30 cm (12 inches) thick]

Bt1--64 to 79 cm (25 to 31 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) gravelly loamy sand; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many distinct clay bridges between sand grains and clay coatings on rock fragments; about 10 percent fine and medium and 5 percent coarse gravel, and 2 percent cobbles; slightly acid; clear broken boundary. [0 to 10 cm (4 inches) thick]

2Bt2--79 to 91 cm (31 to 36 inches); dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) very gravelly loamy sand; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many distinct clay coatings on upper side of rock fragments; about 35 percent fine and medium and 10 percent coarse gravel, and 2 percent cobbles; neutral; abrupt irregular boundary. [0 to 25 cm (10 inches) thick]

3C--91 to 203 cm (36 to 80 inches); light brown (7.5YR 6/4) stratified very gravelly sand and pink (7.5YR 7/4) sand; single grain; loose; individual strata range from about 10 to 50 percent fine and medium, 5 percent coarse gravel, and 2 percent cobbles; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Otsego County, Michigan; 1,090 feet north and 500 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 26, T. 31 N., R. 1 W., north part Charlton Township; USGS Saunders Creek, Michigan topographic quadrangle; lat. 45 degrees 01 minutes 44.94 seconds N. and long. 84 degrees 23 minutes 56.12 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: typically 66 to 97 cm (26 to 38 inches) but ranges from 46 to 102 cm (18 to 40 inches)
Depth to carbonates: typically 66 to 97 cm (26 to 38 inches) but ranges from 46 to 102 cm (18 to 40 inches)

A horizon or Ap horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR, or is neutral
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 0 or 2
Texture: loamy sand, sand, or loamy fine sand, or the gravelly analogs of these textures
Rock fragment content: 3 to 25 percent gravel and 0 to 10 percent cobbles
Reaction: strongly acid or moderately acid

E horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand, or the gravelly analogs of these textures
Rock fragment content: 3 to 25 percent gravel and 0 to 10 percent cobbles
Reaction: strongly acid or moderately acid

Bs1 horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR
Value: 3 or 4
Chroma: 3 or 4; value and chroma of 4 predominate and value and chroma of 3 do not occur together
Texture: sand or loamy sand, or the gravelly analogs of these textures
Rock fragment content: 3 to 25 percent gravel and 0 to 10 percent cobbles
Reaction: strongly acid or moderately acid

Bs2 horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: sand or loamy sand, or the gravelly analogs of these textures
Rock fragment content: 3 to 25 percent gravel and 0 to 10 percent cobbles
Reaction: strongly acid or slightly acid

Some pedons have E' horizons with colors and textures similar to the E horizon.

Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: loamy sand or sandy loam, or the gravelly analogs of these textures
Rock fragment content: 3 to 25 percent gravel and 0 to 10 percent cobbles
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral

2Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: very gravelly analogs of loamy sand or sandy loam; very gravelly sandy clay loam that rarely exceed 8 or 10 cm (3 or 4 inches) in thickness are in some pedons
Rock fragment content: 10 to 70 percent gravel in individual strata but averages over 35 percent; 0 to 10 percent cobbles
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline

3C horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: commonly stratified very gravelly sand, gravelly sand, very gravelly coarse sand, coarse sand, or sand
Rock fragment content: 10 to 70 percent gravel in individual strata but averages over 35 percent; 0 to 10 percent cobbles
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Keweenaw, Leelanau, Melita, and Southwells series. Keweenaw, Melita, and Southwells soils do not have carbonates within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches). Leelanau soils average less than 35 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Mancelona soils are on moraines, outwash plains, lake plains, deltas, eskers, stream terraces, kame moraines, and old beach ridges. Slope gradients are typically 0 to 12 percent but range from 0 to 70 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 711 to 813 mm (28 to 32 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 3.9 to 7.2 degrees C (39 to 45 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the East Lake, Epoufette, Gladwin, Millersburg, and Rubicon soils. The somewhat poorly drained Gladwin soils and poorly drained Epoufette soils are in the same drainage sequence. The somewhat excessively drained East Lake, well drained Millersburg, and excessively drained Rubicon soils are on similar landscape positions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat excessively drained. Potential for surface runoff is negligible to medium depending on slope. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high or very high in the solum and very high in the substratum.

USE AND VEGETATION: A considerable part is used for growing small grain, hay, corn, and beans; some potatoes and vegetables. A large part of the more sloping areas are in permanent pasture, woodland, or is idle cropland. The native vegetation is chiefly northern hardwoods with some eastern white pine and red pine.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 93B, 94A, 94B, 94C, 95A, 96, and 98 in northern Michigan and northeastern Wisconsin. The series is of large extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Antrim County, Michigan, 1923.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 8 cm (3 inches) (A and E horizons).
Albic horizon: from a depth of 5 to 8 cm (2 to 3 inches) (E horizon).
Spodic horizon: from a depth of 8 to 64 cm (3 to 25 inches) (Bs horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 64 to 91cm (25 to 36 inches) (Bt and 2Bt horizons).

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.