LOCATION MANLEY WA
Established Series
Rev. NCD/BDG/EMM
08/2014
MANLEY SERIES
The Manley series consists of moderately deep to a densic contact, well drained soils formed in volcanic ash over glacial till. Manley soils are on the slopes of foothills and mountains and on ridgetops. Slopes are 0 to 65 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 890mm, and the mean annual temperature is about 3.8 C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy over loamy-skeletal, glassy over isotic Xeric Vitricryands
TYPICAL PEDON: Manley ashy silt loam - forested. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi--0 to 1 cm; undecomposed needles, bark, twigs, and grass.
Oe--1 to 3 cm; black (10YR 2/1) moist decomposed mat of organic material; neutral (pH 6.6).
C--3 to 4 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) ashy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; strongly acid (pH 5.2). (0 to 4 cm thick)
Bw1--4 to 15 cm; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) ashy silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; weak very fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; 10 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear smooth boundary. (12 to 25 cm thick)
Bw2--15 to 28 cm; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) ashy silt loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; common roots; 10 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 15 cm thick)
Bw3--28 to 53 cm cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) ashy silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; common roots; common fine and very fine pores; 10 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); clear wavy boundary. (12 to 25 cm thick)
2C--53 to 90 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very gravelly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; common fine and very fine roots; 35 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; neutral (pH 7.0); gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 66 cm thick)
2Cd--90 to 150 cm; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) very gravelly sandy loam, olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; common fine and very fine roots; 35 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles and 5 percent stones; neutral (pH 7.2).
TYPE LOCATION: Ferry County, Washington; 1,980 feet (650 m) east and 160 feet (50 m) south of northwest corner, sec. 7, T. 40 N., R. 34 E. W.M.; Latitude - 48 degrees, 59 minutes, 13.68 seconds North; Longitude - 118 degrees, 33 minutes, 43.7 seconds West, NAD83; UTM Zone 11, 385713.75m E, 5427201.34m N; USGS Curlew, Washington Quadrangle.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature - 37 to 42 degrees F (3 to 5.5 degrees C.). Cryic temperature regime.
These soils are usually moist but are dry in all parts between depths of 10 to 30 cm for 45 to 60 consecutive days. (Xeric moisture regime)
Depth to the densic contact - 50 to 100 cm below the mineral soil surface
Coarse fragments range - 0 to 20 percent in A and B horizons and 35 to 70 percent in the 2C horizon, and more than 35 percent by weighted average within the 2C portion of the control section
Thickness of volcanic ash mantle - 36 to 63 cm
Estimated properties of the volcanic ash mantle:
Volcanic glass content in the 0.02 to 2.0 mm fraction - 30 to 60 percent
Acid-oxalate extractable Al plus 1/2 Fe - >2.0 percent
15-bar water retention on air dried samples - 5 to 12
Moist bulk density - 0.65 to 0.85 g/cc
Some pedons have a C horizon directly below the organic layers at the soil surface. This material is Mt. St. Helens 'T' or 'W' volcanic ash.
C Horizon (when present)
Value - 6 to 8 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma - 1 or 2 dry, 1 to 3 moist
Texture - ashy loam, ashy fine sandy loam, ashy very fine sandy loam
Clay content - 4 to 8 percent
Rock Fragments - 0 to 5 percent gravel
Reaction - 5.2 to 6.3
A horizon (present in some pedons)
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma - 3 or 4 dry or moist
Texture - ashy silt loam, ashy fine sandy loam
Clay content - 4 to 10 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 5 percent gravel
Reaction - 5.8 to 6.8
Bw horizons
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma - 3 or 4 dry
Texture - ashy silt loam, ashy fine sandy loam
Clay content - 4 to 10 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 15 percent gravel, 0 to 8 percent cobbles, 0 to 3 percent stones, 0 to 15 percent total rock fragment content
Reaction - 5.8 to 6.8
2BC and 2CB horizons (present in some pedons)
Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y
Value - 6 or 7 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma - 2 to 4, dry or moist
Texture - loam, sandy loam, coarse sandy loam and loamy coarse sand
Clay content - 2 to 10 percent
Rock fragments - 25 to 60 percent gravel, 0 to 5 percent cobbles, 0 to 3 percent stones, 35 to 65 percent total rock fragment content
Reaction - 5.8 to 6.4
2C horizons
Hue - 10YR to 5Y
Value - 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma - 2 to 4, dry or moist
Texture - loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand and loamy coarse sand
Clay content - 2 to 10 percent
Rock fragments - 15 to 45 percent gravel, 3 to 25 percent cobbles, 3 to 20 percent stones, 35 to 65 percent total rock fragment content
Reaction - 6.1 to 7.3
2Cd horizons
Hue - 10YR to 5Y
Value - 6 or 7 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma - 2 to 4, dry or moist
Texture - loam, sandy loam and loamy coarse sand
Clay content - 1 to 10 percent
Rock fragments - 25 to 50 percent gravel, 5 to 30 percent cobbles, 0 to 20 percent stones, 35 to 70 percent total rock fragment content
Reaction - 6.1 to 7.3
COMPETING SERIES:
Coopmont - have 15 to 35 percent pumice greater than 2.0mm in size in the upper part of the particle-size control section and do not have a densic horizon
Glaze - are deep to a paralithic contact
Shukash - do not have a densic horizon
Togo - have high saturated hydraulic conductivity in the 2C horizons, and have dominantly angular rock fragments
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landforms - glaciated mountain slopes and ridgetops
Elevations - 915 to 1,980 m, are mostly on north-facing slopes at the lower elevations
Slopes - 0 to 65 percent
Parent material - formed in volcanic ash over glacial till
Climate - cool, dry summers and cold, wet winters
Mean January temperature - about minus 6.6 degrees C.
Mean July temperature - about 10 degrees C.
Mean annual temperature - 2.7 to 6.1 degrees C.
Average annual precipitation ranges from 430 to 1550 mm
Frost-free season - 70 to 100 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Aits,
Buhrig,
Merkel, and
Nevine and the competing
Togo soils. Aits soils are coarse-loamy. Buhrig and Merkel soils are loamy-skeletal. Nevine soils are frigid.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; medium or rapid runoff; high over low saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mostly for timber production, grazing, wildlife habitat and watershed. Native plants are Douglas-fir, subalpine fir, western larch, Englemann spruce, willow, red alder, ninebark, pachystima, pinegrass, longtube twinflower, black mountain huckleberry, dwarf huckleberry, wild strawberry, snowberry, and common pipsissewa.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern Washington. These soils are extensive. MLRA 43A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Ferry County, Washington, 1971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ohric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 4 cm (Oi, Oe and C horizons)
Andic soil properties - the zone from 3 to 53 cm (C, Bw1, Bw2 and Bw3 horizons)
Cambic feature - the zone from 4 to 53 cm (Bw1, Bw2 and Bw3 horizons)
Densic material - the zone from 90 to 150 cm (2Cd horizon)
This description reflects a change in classification from Ashy over loamy-skeletal, mixed Xeric Vitricryands to Ashy over loamy-skeletal, glassy over isotic Xeric Vitricryands
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data are available on this soil, Kellog Soil Survey Laboratory: Pedon number 84P0169 sampled as Resner series, and Pedon numbers: 94P0041, 95P0069, 95P0070 and 95P0071 sampled as Manley.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.