LOCATION MARQUETTE               MN

Established Series
Rev. RER-PMB-JJB
02/2014

MARQUETTE SERIES

The Marquette series consists of very deep, excessively drained soils formed in sandy and gravelly glaciofluvial deposits of late Wisconsinan Age. These soils are on glacial lake beach ridges,outwash plains and glacial moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 30 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 640 millimeters. Mean annual air temperature is about 5 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Inceptic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Marquette loamy sand, on an east-facing, convex slope of 4 percent, , in a mixed bur oak and quaking aspen stand, at an elevation of about 354 meters. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 18 centimeters ( 0 to 7 inches); black (10YR 2/1) loamy sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak very fine and fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine and fine roots; 5 percent gravel and 3 percent cobbles; pH 7.0 (neutral); clear smooth boundary.

Bt1--18 to 25 centimeters (7 to 10 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) sandy loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots; very few faint discontinuous dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay bridges and films on faces of peds; 10 percent gravel; pH 7.0 (neutral); clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--25 to 41 centimeters (10-16 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) very gravelly sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; few faint discontinuous very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds and few distinct patchy white (10YR 8/1) carbonate coats on lower surfaces of rock fragments; slightly effervescent; 55 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; pH 7.0 (neutral); clear wavy boundary.

C1--41 to 81 centimeters (16 to 32 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) sand; single grain; loose; very few distinct patchy white (10YR 8/1) carbonate coats on lower surfaces of rock fragments; slightly effervescent; 5 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; pH 7.6 (slightly alkaline); clear wavy boundary.

C2--81 to 178 centimeters (32 to 70 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely gravelly coarse sand; single grain; loose; very few distinct patchy white (10YR 8/1) carbonate coats on lower surfaces of rock fragments; strongly effervescent; 75 percent gravel; pH 7.6 slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

C3--178 to 203 centimeters (70 to 80 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) sand; single grain; loose; slightly effervescent; pH 7.6 (slightly alkaline).

TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 88-Northern Minnesota Glacial Lake Basins; Roseau County, Minnesota; located about 1 mile south and 5 miles west of Wannaska; located about 250 feet south and 300 feet west of the northeast corner of section 31, T. 160 N., R. 40 W.; USGS Thief Lake NE topographic quadrangle; lat. 48 degrees 38 minutes 31 seconds N. and long. 95 degrees 50 minutes 42 seconds W., NAD83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to carbonates ranges from 20 to 76 centimeters. Clay content of the particle-size control section (weighted average)-5 to 18 percent. Sand content of the particle-size control section (weighted average)-65 to 85 percent, with 10 to 30 percent very coarse sand and coarse sand.

A and Ap horizon:
Hue-10YR
Value-2 or 3(moist)and 2 to 5 (dry)
Chroma-1 or 2 (moist) and 1 to 3 (dry)
Texture-- loamy fine sand, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, or the gravelly anologs of these textures
Rock fragment content- 0 to 30 percent, mixed lithology, generally 2 to 75 millimeters in size
Reaction-pH 5.6 to 7.3
Thickness--8 to 25 centimeters (3 to 10 inches)


E horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--2 or 4
Texture- loamy fine sand, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, fine sand, sand, coarse sand or the gravelly analogs of these textures
Rock fragment content--0 to 30 percent, mixed lithology, generally 2 to 75 millimeters in size
Reaction--pH 5.6 to 7.3
Thickness--0 to 28 centimeters (0 to 11 inches)

Bt horizon:
Hue-7.5YR or 10YR
Value--3 to 5
Chroma--3 or 4
Texture-- fine sandy loam, sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, loam or the very gravelly or extremely gravelly analogs of these textures
Rock fragment content--35 to 65 percent, mixed lithology, generally 2 to 75 millimeters in size
Reaction--pH 6.6 to 8.4
Thickness--10 to 30 centimeters (4 to 12 inches)


Cg horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--4 or 6
Chroma--2 or 6
Texture- loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, sand, coarse sand or the gravelly or very gravelly analogs of these textures
Rock fragment content--10 to 70 percent, mixed lithology, generally 2 to 75 millimeters in size
Reaction--pH 7.4 to 8.4

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Vanocker series. Vanocker soils have fine earth textures of silt loam or loam in the lower third of the series control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils have plane or complex slopes with gradient of 0 to 30 percent on glacial lake beach ridges, outwash plains and glacial moraines. They formed in sandy and gravelly glaciofluvial deposits of Late Wisconsinan Age. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 2to 8 degrees C. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 500to 770 inches. Frost-free period ranges from 90 to 160 days. Elevation ranges from 230 to 520 feet above sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Corliss, Epoufette, Karlstad, Sahkahtay and Sandberg soils. The Corliss and Sandberg soils are in similar landscape positions but do not have a zone of clay accumulation. The poorly drained Epoufette and Sahkahtay soils are in level and depressional areas. The moderately well drained Karlstad soils are on slightly lower landscape positions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Excessively drained-a saturated zone does not occur within a depth of 1.5 meters during April to June in normal years. Saturated hydraulic conductivity-10.00 to 100.00 micrometers per second (high)in the solum and 100.00 to 705.00 micrometers per second (very high) in the C horizon.

USE AND VEGETATION: A number of areas are cropped to small grains or forages or are used for pasture. Many areas are forested. Native vegetation is mostly bur oak and quaking aspen.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic Sections--Western lake section
MLRAs-Red River Valley of the North (56),
Northern Minnesota Gray Drift (57),
Northern Minnesota Glacial Lake Basins (88)
LRR-Northern Great Plains Spring Wheat Region (F) and Northern Lake States Forest and and Forage Region (K)
Extent-moderate

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lake of the Woods County, Minnesota, 1925.

REMARKS: Particle size control section-the zone from a depth of 18 to 41 centimeters (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons); Series control section the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 150 centimeters (A, Bt1, Bt2, C1 and C2 horizons); Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon include: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 18 centimeters (A horizon); argillic horizon - the zone from 18 to 41 centimeters (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons). Taxonomy version-Keys to Soil Taxonomy, eleventh edition, 2010.

MLRA SSO 10-BEM (Bemidji, MN)

ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to Minnesota Ag. Exp. Station Central File Code No. 1261, 4471 and 4472 for laboratory data of some representative pedons.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.