LOCATION MILLWOOD AREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Very-fine, smectitic, thermic Vertic Paleudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Millwood fine sandy loam, 4 percent slope, forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated)
A--0 to 7 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many medium and fine roots; few wormholes; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt1--7 to 17 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very firm, sticky and plastic; continuous clay films on faces of peds; many medium and fine roots; few fine pores; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--17 to 30 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) clay; common medium prominent yellow (10YR 7/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very firm, sticky and plastic; continuous clay films on faces of peds; few medium and fine roots; few fine pores; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
B3t--30 to 41 inches; red (10R 4/8) clay; common coarse prominent gray (10YR 6/1) mottles and few fine prominent pale-brown mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very firm, sticky and plastic; thick continuous clay films on faces of peds; few slickensides that do not intersect; few roots; few fine pores; few fine pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt4--41 to 52 inches; mottled gray (10YR 6/1), red (10R 4/8), and brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) clay; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm, sticky and plastic; few thick patchy thick clay films on faces of peds; few slickensides that do not intersect; few fine roots; few fine pores; few fine pebbles; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt5--52 to 72 inches, mottled yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and red (2.5YR 4/8) clay; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm, very plastic; thick continuous clay films on faces of peds; few slickensides that do not intersect; few fine roots; few fine pores; few fine pebbles; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Howard County, Arkansas; 2 miles west of Mineral Springs on Highway 27; then 2 miles south on gravel road. SE1/4SE1/4SE1/4, sec. 27, T. 10 S., R. 28 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 60 to 80 inches or more. The Ca-Mg ratio is more than 1 and normally more than 3. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid in the A horizon and is very strongly acid or strongly acid in the B horizon.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 and chroma of 2, or value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam or silt loam.
The upper B horizon has hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 and chroma of 6 or 8. Mottles are in shades of yellow or brown. The lower B horizon has hue of 2.5YR or 10R, value of 4 and chroma of 6 or 8 and mottles in shades of gray and brown, or it has hue of 10YR, value of 6 or 7 and chroma of 1 or 2 and mottles in shades of red and brown or it is a mottled horizon in shades of red, brown, and gray. The upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon averages 60 to 70 percent clay.
COMPETING SERIES: These include Forbing in the same family and Annona, Boswell, Bryarly, Gore, Kipling, Moswell, Oktibbeha, Natchitoches, Susquehanna, Vaiden, Wilcox, and Woodville soils in closely related families. Forbing soils have a higher pH in the subsoil and contains free calcium carbonates. Annona, Bryarly, Moswell, Susquehanna, and Woodville soils are in a fine particle size class. Boswell and Gore soils are in a mixed mineralogy class and are in a fine particle size class. Kipling and Wilcox soils are in a fine particle size class and have a decrease in clay within 60 inches of the soil surface. Oktibbeha, Natchitoches, and Vaiden soils have a decrease in clay within 60 inches of the soil surface.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Millwood soils are on nearly level to strongly sloping uplands of the Western Coastal Plains bordering the Blackland Prairie. These soils formed in acid loamy and clayey marine sediments of Cretaceous age. Slopes range from 1 to 12 percent. The mean annual temperature is about 63 degrees F and the mean annual precipitation is about 48 inches near the type location.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the competing Kipling and Oktibbeha series and the Angie, Mayhew, Sacul, Saffell, and Sawyer series. Angie soils, which occur on less dissected areas have lower base saturation and are moderately well drained. Mayhew soils, which occur on similar landscapes are poorly drained and are underlain by clay shale. Sacul soils, which occurs on more dissected landscapes have lower base saturation and thinner sola. Saffel soils, which occur on more dissected landscapes contains large amount of gravel and has lower base saturation. Sawyer soils, which occur on similar landscapes have yellowish brown subsoils and lower base saturation.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; runoff slow to rapid; very slow permeability. These soils have a seasonal high water table that is within 2 to 3 feet of the soil surface from December through April.
USE AND VEGETATION: Woodland is the dominant land use with minor areas in pasture. Principal woodland species are loblolly pine, shortleaf pine, oaks, and sweetgum. Principal pasture plants are bermudagrass and bahiagrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Coastal Plain areas of Arkansas, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas that border the Blackland Prairie. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Howard County, Arkansas; 1970.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization of the type location by the University of Arkansas Soil Characterization Laboratory. Pedon No. S68AR-031-032.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to a depth of 7 inches.
Argillic horizon - The zone from 7 to 72 inches.