LOCATION MONETA IA+MN

Established Series
RJW-RCG-AGG
09/2021

MONETA SERIES

The Moneta series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in loamy, calcareous till on uplands. The slope ranges from 6 to 45 percent. Mean annual air temperature averages 47 degrees F., and mean annual precipitation is about 28 inches.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Entic Hapludolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Moneta clay loam on a 21 percent slope in a pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 inches); very dark brown (10YR 2/2) clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; about 2 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. [15 to 25 cm (6 to 12 inches thick)]

Bw--23 to 33 cm (9 to 13 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)loam; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; few prominent very dark brown (10YR 2/2) organic coats on faces of peds; about 3 percent gravel; about 2 percent fine shale fragments; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches thick)]

Bk1--33 to 58 cm (13 to 23 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots between peds; about 3 percent gravel; carbonates disseminated throughout; about 2 percent fine shale fragments; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Bk2--58 to 107 cm (23 to 42 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots between peds; very few distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron oxide coats on faces of peds and in pores; common fine and medium very pale brown (10YR 8/2) calcium carbonate nodules; about 3 percent gravel; about 2 percent fine shale fragments; common fine and medium prominent gray (10YR 5/1) redox depletions; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Bk3--107 to 135 cm (42 to 53 inches); about 50 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and about 50 percent gray (10YR 5/1) loam; moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots between peds; very few prominent black (10YR 2/1) organic coats on faces of peds; common fine and medium very pale brown (10YR 8/2) calcium carbonate nodules and calcium carbonate coats around stones; common fine and medium red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron; about 3 percent gravel; about 2 percent fine shale fragments; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Bk4--135 to 152 cm (53 to 60 inches); about 50 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and about 50 percent gray (10YR 5/1) loam; moderate medium and coarse angular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots between peds; very few prominent black (10YR 2/1) organic coats on faces of peds; common medium and coarse very pale brown (10YR 8/2) calcium carbonate nodules; common fine and medium red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron; about 5 percent gravel; about 3 percent fine shale fragments; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. [(Combined thickness of the Bk horizons is 51 to 152 cm (20 to 60 inches)].

BC--152 to 203 cm (60 to 80 inches); about 50 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and about 50 percent gray (10YR 5/1) loam; moderate coarse and very coarse prismtic structure; firm; common very fine and fine roots; common medium and coarse very pale brown (10YR 8/2) calcium carbonate nodules; common fine and medium red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron; about 5 percent gravel; about 3 percent fine shale fragments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Clay County, Iowa, about 1/2 mile east of Cornell and 5 miles south of Greenville; 2350 feet north and 400 feet east of the southwest corner of section 20, T. 94 N., R. 36 W., Herdland Township; at an elevation of about 1350 feet above mean sea level; USGS Sioux Rapids, Iowa Topographic Quadrangle; latitude 42 degrees 56 minutes 33 seconds N., longitude 95 degrees 07 minutes 51 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of mollic epipedon: 15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 inches)
Depth to calcium carbonates: 0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches)
Depth to seasonal high saturation: Greater than 183 cm (72 inches)
Coarse fragments: 2 to 8 percent throughout, mostly gravel in size

RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A or Ap horizons:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: Clay loam or loam
Clay content: 25 to 30 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Bw or Bk horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 8
Texture: Clay loam or loam
Clay content: 25 to 33 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

BC or C horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 8
Texture: Clay loam or loam
Clay content: 25 to 33 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Moist bulk density: 1.6 to 1.8 g/cc

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Dissected glacial till plains and moraines
Landform: Convex shoulder slopes
Elevation: 244 to 457 meters (800 to 1,500 feet) above sea level
Parent Material: Loamy calcareous till
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 7 to 10 C. (45 to 50 degrees F).
Mean Annual Precipitation: 660 to 760 mm (26 to 30 inches)
Frost Free Period: 145 to 160 days
Slope: 6 to 45 percent

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Annton (T), Cornell, Everly, North Twin (T), Sac, and Walnut Grove (T) soils.
Annton soils are on summits and backslopes and are deeper to carbonates.
Cornell soils are well drained and have argillic horizons.
Everly and North Twin soils are moderately well drained and are deeper to carbonates.
Sac soils are moderately well drained and formed in 20 to 40 inches of loess over glacial till.
Walnut Grove soils are somewhat poorly drained and lower lying.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: well drained--seasonally high saturation occurs at depths greater than 6 feet.
Permeability: 1.41 TO 14.11 micrometers per second (.2 to 2 inches per hour)
Surface runoff: high

USE AND VEGETATION: Steeper areas are typically used for permanent pasture or woodland with less steep areas in row crops. Native vegetation is tall grass prairie.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Iowa and Southern Minnesota in MLRAs 103 and 107. These soils are of minor extent.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Rock County, Minnesota, 2002

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 9 inches; cambic horizon - the zone from 9 to a depth of 80 inches (Bw, Bk and BC horizons); udic moisture regime; the Bk horizons do not meet the criteria for a calcic horizon as they lack an increase of 5 percent calcium carbonate increase above a lower horizon.

Although typically an MLRA-107 soil, it was recongized in MLRA-103 on in a geomorphic area of firm, early Wisconsin till.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.