LOCATION MUDLAVIA IN
Established Series
Rev. JRB-WDH-KKN
11/2021
MUDLAVIA SERIES
The Mudlavia series consists of very deep, well drained soils that are deep or very deep to calcareous, stratified gravelly and sandy outwash. Mudlavia soils formed in gravelly clayey outwash on terraces. Slope ranges from 0 to 20 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 940 mm (37 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 10.6 degrees C (51 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Chromic Vertic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Mudlavia cobbly silt loam, eroded, on a south-facing, convex, 4 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 177 meters (580 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 18 cm (7 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) cobbly silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; mixing of brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium granular; friable; many fine and very fine roots; 15 percent gravel; 15 percent cobbles; 1 percent stones; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 inches) thick]
Bt1--18 to 43 cm (7 to 17 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) extremely gravelly clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and very fine roots; thin continuous dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; 45 percent gravel; 20 percent cobbles; 5 percent stones; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--43 to 69 cm (17 to 27 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) extremely gravelly clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; thin continuous brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; 50 percent gravel; 20 percent cobbles; 5 percent stones; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt3--69 to 94 cm (27 to 37 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) extremely gravelly clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; thin continuous brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; 55 percent gravel; 20 percent cobbles; 5 percent stones; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt4--94 to 114 cm (37 to 45 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) extremely gravelly clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine roots; thin continuous dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; 50 percent gravel; 20 percent cobbles; 5 percent stones; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
Bt5--114 to 137 cm (45 to 54 inches); dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) extremely gravelly clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine roots; thin continuous dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; 55 percent gravel; 15 percent cobbles; 5 percent stones; neutral; clear irregular boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 86 to 165 cm (34 to 65 inches).]
2C--137 to 152 cm (54 to 60 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely gravelly loamy coarse sand; single grain; loose; 70 percent gravel; 20 percent cobbles; 5 percent stones; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Warren County, Indiana; about 2 miles southwest of Independence; 1,340 feet west and 1,360 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 28, T. 22 N., R. 7 W.; USGS Attica, Ind. topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 19 minutes 36 seconds N. and long. 87 degrees 12 minutes 36 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 482160 easting and 4464039 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 102 to 183 cm (40 to 72 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages 35 to 55 percent clay
Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4, 6 or more dry
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: cobbly silt loam, cobbly loam, or gravelly silt loam
Rock fragment content: 15 to 30 percent gravel, 0 to 25 percent cobbles
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: very gravelly or extremely gravelly analogs of clay loam or clay
Rock fragment content: 35 to 60 percent gravel, 15 to 35 percent cobbles, 1 to 15 percent stones
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid in the upper part and slightly acid or neutral in the lower part
2C horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: very gravelly or extremely gravelly analogs of coarse sand or loamy coarse sand
Rock fragment content: 35 to 80 percent gravel, 15 to 25 percent cobbles, 1 to 15 percent stones
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 25 to 55 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family. Soils in closely related families are the
Eldean and
Leoni series. Eldean soils are less than 102 cm (40 inches) to the base of the argillic horizon and are in the fine particle-size class. Leoni soils average less 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Mudlavia soils are on terraces. Slope ranges from 0 to 20 percent. The soils formed in gravelly clayey outwash. They are deep or very deep to calcareous, stratified gravelly and sandy outwash. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 889 to 940 mm (35 to 37 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 10.0 to 11.1 degrees C (50 to 52 degrees F).
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Boyer,
Eldean,
Ockley,
Oshtemo and
Rodman soils. The well drained Boyer soils contain less clay and are on similar landscape positions. The well drained Eldean soils contain less rock fragments and are on adjacent terraces on different elevations. The well drained Ockley and Oshtemo soils have less clay and rock fragments in the subsoil and are on adjacent terraces on different elevations. The excessively drained Rodman soils have sola less than 20 inches thick, have less clay in the subsoil and are on steeper breaks of the terrace.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Potential for surface runoff is negligible to medium depending on slope gradient. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the solum and very high in the underlying material. Permeability is moderate in the solum and very rapid in the underlying material.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cropped to corn, soybeans, small grain, and legume hay. Many areas are used for pasture. Native vegetation is mixed hardwoods of oak, hickory, and maple.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 110 and 111D in west-central Indiana. The type location is in MLRA 111D. The series is of small extent.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Warren County, Indiana, 1985.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 18 cm (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 18 to 137 cm (Bt horizon).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab data available from Purdue University (S84IN171-42).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.