LOCATION MUNDEN VA+NCEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, semiactive, thermic Aquic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Munden fine sandy loam, cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
Bt1--8 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; many sand grains coated and bridged with clay; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--15 to 25 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; many sand grains coated and bridged with clay; common medium faint light brown (7.5YR 6/4) soft masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt3--25 to 32 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots; common fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few faint clay films on faces of peds; many sand grains coated and bridged with clay; few small pockets of sand up to 1 1/2 inches in diameter; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons ranges from 15 to 35 inches)
C--32 to 62 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), and yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sand; single grain; loose; many stained sand grains; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: City of Virginia Beach, Virginia; approximately 1.25 miles southwest of Princess Anne and 4.25 miles southeast of Stumpy Lake; 136 feet due south of North Landing Road and 100 feet southeast of small cemetery.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum Thickness: 25 to more than 50 inches
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 18 to 30 inches, December to April
Soil Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid, unless limed
Ap or A horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 4
Texture--loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
E horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 6
Texture--loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
BA or BE horizon (if it occurs):
Color: hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 to 6
Texture--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
Bt horizon--the upper part of the Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. The lower part of the Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8, or it is multicolored in these and other hues without dominant matrix color
Texture--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam. Subhorizons of some pedons range to sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, red or yellow and iron depletions in shades of brown, olive and gray
Btg horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y or is neutral, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 0 to 2, or it is multicolored in these and other hue without dominant matrix color
Texture--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam. Subhorizons of some pedons range to sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, red or yellow and iron depletions in shades of brown, olive and gray
BC or CB horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8, or it is multicolored with these or other hue without dominant matrix color
Texture--loamy sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, red or yellow and iron depletions in shades of brown, olive and gray
BCg or CBg horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 0 to 2, or it is multicolored with these or other hue without dominant matrix color
Texture--loamy sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, red or yellow and iron depletions in shades of brown, olive and gray
C horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8, or it is multicolored with these or other hue without dominant matrix color
Texture--sand, fine sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam. Some pedons have thin strata ranging from sandy clay loam to silty clay.
Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, red or yellow and iron depletions in shades of brown, olive and gray
Cg horizon (if it occurs):
Color--has hue of 7.5YR to 5Y or is neutral, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 0 to 2, or it is multicolored with these or other hue without dominant matrix color.
Texture--sand, fine sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam. Some pedons have thin strata ranging from sandy clay loam to silty clay.
Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, red or yellow and iron depletions in shades of brown, olive and gray
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Coastal Plain
Landform: Terraces
Elevation: 5 to 100 feet above mean sea level
Parent Material: Loamy and sandy marine and fluvial sediments
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 59 to 64 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 41 to 49 inches
Frost Free Period: 190 to 240 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Augusta soils--somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to 18 inches) on slightly lower landscapes
Bertie soils--somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to 18 inches) on slightly lower landscapes
Bojac soils--well drained soils (seasonal high water table 48 to 72 inches) on similar landscapes
Dragston soils--somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to 18 inches) family on slightly lower or similar landscapes
Nimmo soils--poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) on flats and in slight depressions
Roanoke soils--poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in fine family on flats and in slight depressions
State soils--well drained soils (seasonal high water table 48 to 72 inches) in fine-loamy family on slightly higher landscapes
Tetotum soils--moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30 inches) in fine-loamy family on similar landscapes
Tomotley soils--poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in fine-loamy family on flats and in slight depressions
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Moderately well drained
Permeability: Moderate to moderately rapid in the A and B horizon and moderately rapid in the C horizons
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Mostly cultivated
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, cotton, small grain, soybeans, and peanuts. Where woodland----loblolly, sweetgum, red maple, yellow-poplar, white oak, southern red oak, water oak, American beech, and hickory.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Virginia, North Carolina, and possibly Alabama, and Georgia
Extent: Moderate
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: City of Virginia Beach, Virginia, 1980.
REMARKS:
1. In the past Munden soils have been included with the Altavista, Bertie, Dragston, and Tetotum soils. The May 2007 revision removes MLRA regions 133A, 152A, and 153C.
2. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
a. Ochric epipedon -the zone from 0 to 8 inches (Ap horizon).
b. Argillic horizon -the zone between 8 and 32 inches (Bt horizon).
c. Aquic feature -low chroma Fe depletions in the upper 24 inches of the
argillic horizon (Bt3 horizon).
SIR = VA0162
MLRA = 153A, 153B
REVISED = 2/7/96, MHC; 5/07, DTA
ADDITIONAL DATA: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University soil survey lab data shows the typical pedon of the Munden series to have a base saturation of 19.48 percent at a depth of 50 inches below the top of the argillic horizon.
The particle-size control section has 15.6 percent clay and 29.8 percent silt as a weighted average. Pedon sample numbers are: S74VA76-18(1-9), S76VA76-31(1-9), S77VA76-40(1-8), S77VA76-41(1-6).
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation
VA0162 MUNDEN 0-8 59-64 190-240 40-49 5-100
SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock VA0162 NONE RARE 1.5-2.5 APPARENT DEC-APR >60SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- VA0162 0-8 LS LFS 0-0 90-100 3-10 - VA0162 0-8 SL FSL L 0-0 90-100 4-16 - VA0162 8-32 SL L FSL 0-0 90-100 8-18 - VA0162 32-62 FSL LS S 0-0 90-100 2-12 -
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll VA0162 0-8 4.5-6.0 .5-1. 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW VA0162 0-8 4.5-6.0 1.-2. 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW VA0162 8-32 4.5-6.0 .5-1. 0-0 0.6-6.0 LOW VA0162 32-62 4.5-6.0 0.-.5 0-0 2.0-20 LOW